IS 
various species of which produce “ scabbing.’’ This so-called 
“ Melanose ” is just a form of scab and must be treated accord¬ 
ingly- 
If a small portion from the margin of one of the spots is 
examined under the microscope, it is found to be penetrated by a 
perfect net-work of fungus filaments or hyphae , bearing the small 
seed-like bodies or conidia in various stages of maturity. The 
brown, almost chestnut-brown conidia are very characteristic and 
produced in countless numbers at this season (July) of the year. 
A complete technical description of this new fungus is given at 
the end, so that any one with a microscope inay satisfy himself as 
to the exact nature of the fungus, and consequently the definite 
disease caused*by it. 
Treatment .—Since the disease is caused by a fungus parasite, 
and infection therefore spread by the innumerable seed-like 
bodies or conidia produced, it will be necessary to destroy all 
diseased litter, and see that diseased fruits are removed. 
In the Florida orchards experiments were carried out with 
various fungicides, and it was found that Bordeaux mixture and 
ammoniacal solution of copper carbonate almost wholly prevented 
the disease when properly applied. 
The following measures may therefore bo recommended in 
addition to careful cultivation, proper manuring, attention to 
drainage, &c.:— 
1. In pruning the trees all diseased branches should be 
removed, and all the cuttings burned. 
2. Spray with either of the above fungicides, and as the 
usual strength may prove injurious, directions are 
given at the end as to the quantity of materials to bo 
used. Since the lemon has a more extended flowering 
period than the orange, it is considered likely that 
more sprayings will be necessary for it. In the case 
of the lemon, the first spraying is recommended about 
a month after the spring blooming, and again about a 
month later, when flowering has ceased, and the 
youngest fruits are about the size of a pea. 
For the orange the first spraying should bo given about 
two weeks after the flowers have fallen, and the 
second about a month later. 
The Bordeaux mixture should bo applied weak, to prevent 
injury to the trees—at the rate of 6 lbs. copper sulphate, 3^ lbs. 
lime to 100 gallons of water. 
The ammonical copper carbonate solution is not so likely to 
injure the trees, and may, therefore, be preferred, and used at the 
rate of 5 ozs. of copper carbonate to 50 gallons of water. 
