TOTTY’S ROSES, MADISON, NEW JERSEY 
ROSES FOR OUTDOOR PLANTING 
Our customers will remember for the last seven years we have imported and dis¬ 
tributed Roses grown specially for us in Belfast, Ireland. Under the recent ruling of the 
Federal Horticultural Board, these, with all other importations of Roses are restricted. 
In common with all other Rose distributors, we can now furnish only home-grown stock. 
CULTURAL NOTES 
The cultivation of Flybrid Tea Roses is as follows: 
The SoiL —The soil which best suits the Rose is a deep, unctuous loam, with free 
drainage, as Roses do not thrive where there is stagnant moisture. If these conditions 
are not to be had naturally, they must, as far as possible, be provided. In the first place, 
if drainage is bad, the soil must be thrown out to a depth of i8 inches, and, if it is not 
convenient to use'tiles, about 5 or 6 inches of broken bricks or other rough material 
should be thrown in the bottom, and a layer of turf laid on top, grassy side down. On 
the top of the turf should be placed a layer of well-decayed farmyard manure, then a 
light layer of soil, and another layer of manure, on top of which should be placed the 
remainder of the soil, to which, if light and sandy, should be added a liberal supply of 
well-chopped-up turf, raising the whole of the bed to a height of about 12 inches above 
the original level of the soil. In case of heavy land, a layer of lime rubble should be 
added, as this will help to sweeten the soil. 
Planting should be deferred until the soil is in proper condition to receive the plants, 
as it is a great mistake to plant in wet soil. Teas and Hybrid Teas should be planted 
about 18 inehes apart and the Hybrid Perpetuals 2 feet apart, keeping all manure away 
from direct contact with the roots when planting. Firm the soil well around the plants 
and give a thorough watering. 
Pruning .—All the short, prematurely ripened wood and all small shoots should be 
cut clean away, leaving just the strongest shoots, from 4 to 6 inches long. Pruning 
should be done immediately after the plants are set out, if it has not been previously done. 
This close pruning does not apply to the Hardy Climbers or Ramblers; these should 
be shortened back if they have grown beyond their allotted space and thin out the very 
small shoots. 
Protection .—Before the ground freezes solid the soil should be pulled up around the 
base of the plants, 7 or 8 inches, and the surface of the bed afterward well covered with 
dried leaves or eornstalks. When so protected, even the most tender varieties of Hybrid 
Tea Roses are entirely hardy as far north as Winnipeg. 
The eondensed list on the following pages are the cream of the varieties suitable for 
American culture today, especially our introduction Columbia, which has asserted itself 
as being the very finest outdoor pink Rose so far produeed. 
