ELEMENTS OF AGE I CULTURE. 
28 
LESSON XL 
MULTIPLICATION OF PLANTS BY GRAFTING. 
61. Grafting consists in placing a branch or twig of 
one vegetable upon another, in a way to cause the branch 
or twig to produce a new plant, with more va uable 
products. 
62. The plant grafted upon is called the stock; the 
plant grafted, the scion. Grafting is particularly useful to 
perpetuate certain vegetables, that are by nature endowed 
with peculiar properties, that would be lost were the plant 
continued by means of the seed. 
63. Professor Thouin has described forty modes of graft 
ing : we will describe here three — cl eft-grafting, graft¬ 
ing by approach , and root-grafting. 
64. Cleft-Grafting .— This mode of grafting is usually 
practised on stocks of from one to two inches in diameter. 
It is thus performed: The head of the stock is carefully 
'sawed or cut off, at a part free from knots, and the top 
pared smooth. With a thin knife, split down the stock 
through the centre, to the depth of about two inches; in¬ 
sert a wedge to keep it open for the reception of the scion. 
The scion is to be prepared in the form of a wedge, with 
an eye, if possible, in the upper part of the portion thus 
formed. Perfect success is the more certain when this is 
the case. The scion is now carefully inserted, so that the 
inner bark of the scion and the inner bark of the stock may 
both exactly meet. In large stocks, sometimes four scions 
are inserted. The whole is now to be carefully covered 
with the grafting clay, except two or three eyes of each 
scion. 
65. Grafting by Approach .— This is often resorted to 
with plants that succeed with difficulty by other modes. 
The limb or limbs of each plant, which are to be thus 
