ELEMENTS OF AO RTCULTUllE. 
29 
united, must be prepared with a long, sloping cut, oi sev* ■ 
ral inches, nearly to the centre ; and the part of each plan 
thus prepared are to be brought together and firmly se¬ 
cured by a bandage, so that the bark shall exactly meet on 
at least one side ; they are then covered, at the junction, 
with clay or composition. When a complete union has 
takei. place, the trees are separated with a knife, by cut¬ 
ting off the scion below the junction, and cutting off the 
stock above. 
66. Root-Grafting. —This operation is often performed 
on grape-vines, just below the surface of the earth, by the 
usual mode of cleft-grafting. It is also performed on por 
tions or pieces of root, where suitable stocks are scarce. 
QUESTIONS. 
1. What is meant by grafting ? 
2. How is the plant grafted upon called ? 
3. What is the scion ? 
4. Why is grafting particularly useful 1 
5. How many modes of grafting are there ? 
6. Describe cleft-grafting. 
7. How is grafting by approach performed 1 
8. Describe root-grafting. 
LESSON XII. 
INOCULATING. 
67. Inoculating is the operation of transferring any 
desirable variety of tree upon the stock of an inferior va¬ 
riety. The operation is principally practised on small 
trees, and only during the time when the sap flows freely, 
and chiefly during the months of August and September. 
68. Select for the buds the ripest young twigs of the 
year, and cut off the leaves, leaving the footstalk entire 
Hav ng selected a smooth place in the stock, make a pei 
