HfflpMF.NTS or A(t n ’CULTURE:. 5 r i 
localities. In the nor; hern states the cold is generally 
intense, and lasts a long time ; whereas in the southern 
iieat predominates. There are also countries that, by their 
position, are much damper than,others, or which are more 
exposed to storms, hail, etc. It is to the aggregate of all 
these atmospheric circumstances, that we give the name 
of climate. 
93. We may adopt three climates; the northern, the 
southern, and the mean, or intermediate. But these three 
climates may be subdivided to infinity ; and it may almost 
be said, that each state, county, town, and village, pos¬ 
sesses a particular climate of its own; for it is not a rare 
circumstance to see two neighboring places differ greatly 
in this respect. 
94. The position of a district or place influences its cli¬ 
mate greatly. There are places that enjoy a low (cold) 
temperature though beneath the equator. This comes from 
their position, which is much more elevated than the level 
of the ocean. This is partly the reason why the cold is 
always greater on the summit of high mountains than at 
their base ; and it is also one of the reasons why very high 
mountains, though in southern countries, are always .cov¬ 
ered with ice and snow. 
95. Each plant has not only a soil, the properties of 
which suit it better than those of any other, but it has 
also a climate appropriated to its nature. Moreover, the 
species of cultivated plants are in many cases as different 
as the temperature of the place in which they are found 
is more or less elevated (warm). Thus it is that in the 
south the cotton-plant, the sugar-cane, and the fig, flourish ; 
whereas, if these vegetables were transplanted to the 
north, they would perish from cold. 
96. Crops ripen much more rapidly upon a warm than 
upon a cold soil; so in southern climates vegetation h 
much more rapid than at the north. 
