14 
FOREST AND STREAM 
July 6, 1912 
Fishermen, Hunters’ and Dealers’ Ass’n. 
New Orleans, La., June 2 6.—Editor Forest 
and Stream: The fishermen, Hunters’ and Deal¬ 
ers’ Association has been organized here with 
more than one hundred members for the purpose 
of protecting themselves against hostile legisla¬ 
tion. M. Broges was elected president with sev¬ 
eral vice-presidents, secretaries and treasurer. It 
is announced that a permanent organization will 
be perfected at the next meeting on July 1. It 
is expected that the membership will be fully 
500. All fishermen, hunters and dealers are in¬ 
vited to join the organization. Committees will 
be appointed to go to Baton Rouge to present 
the views of the association to the committee in 
charge of game laws in the Legislature. It has 
not been announced yet precisely what the or¬ 
ganization will ask for, but it is known that most 
of the members are opposed to any laws regu¬ 
lating the catching of fish from salt waters and 
also opposed to the present high license for sein¬ 
ing. The members appear to favor a reduction 
of the hunting license from one dollar to fifty 
cents, and also a reduction of the charges made 
for non-resident hunting license. Some of the 
members favor an extension of the open season 
for killing deer in many of the parishes. 
A number of professional hunters are out¬ 
spoken in the opposition to a proposed law, 
which may be introduced in the Legislature pro¬ 
hibiting the resale of game, including ducks. It 
is pointed out that professional hunters, if the 
law is adopted, will have to sell their ducks and 
other game direct to consumers and not to the 
markets and stallkeepers. Hunters on the coast 
or gulf portion of Louisiana will oppose any law 
restricting the sale of game, and it is not be¬ 
lieved that the Legislature will adopt such a 
drastic measure. 
Predatory Animals Killed. 
The United States forestry service reports that 
7,971 animals harmful to live stock and to game 
animals were killed during the past year on the 
national forest reservations, compared to 9103 
killed during 1910. The total number killed was 
12.5 per cent, less than during 1910, which shows 
a falling off of 21 per cent, in the number of 
bears, 10 per cent, in mountain lions, 53.5 per 
cent, in the number of wolf pups, 11 per cent, 
in the number of coyotes, 25 per cent, in the 
number of wildcats and 45 per cent, in the num¬ 
ber of lynxes. There was, however, an increase 
of 25 per cent, in the number of grown wolves 
killed. These reductions are probably due to the 
general reduction in the number of predatory 
animals infesting the national forests and ad¬ 
jacent ranges. The work has served as an ex¬ 
ample and as a stimulus to the settlers within 
and adjacent to the forests who have themselves 
killed many thousands of these animals. Of the 
total number of animals killed during the past 
year, there were 213 bear, 88 mountain lions, 172 
wolves. 69 wolf pups, 6,487 coyotes, 870 wildcats 
and 72 lynxes. 
Forest and Stream may be ordered from any news¬ 
dealer: Ask your dealer to supply you regularly. 
Montana Mammals and Spotted Fever. 
Last autumn we called attention to the in¬ 
vestigations of the Bureau of Biological Survey, 
of which Henry W. Henshaw is chief, noticing 
a circular issued by the Survey on “The Mam¬ 
mals of Bitterroot Valley, Montana, in Their 
Relation to Spotted Fever.” An amplification 
of this circular by Clarence Birdseye has just 
been issued by the Survey, entitled “Some Com¬ 
mon Mammals of Western Montana, in Relation 
to Agriculture and Spotted Fever.” 
It has been demonstrated that the Rocky 
Mountain spotted fever is a germ disease, which 
is Communicated from wild animals to human 
beings by the bite of a certain tick. The tick 
carries the germ which it communicates to the 
wild animals, or to a man by the bite, and the 
infected female tick transmits the disease to its 
offspring and in some experiments the disease 
has actually been communicated by the injection 
into a healthy guinea pig of a few crushed eggs 
of an infected tick. It is believed that the 
spotted fever, like malaria, is contracted only 
by blood infection and not through the diges¬ 
tive system like typhoid fever, although the be¬ 
lief is held locally that the fever may be con¬ 
tracted by drinking impure or very cold water. 
The life history of the tick consists of four 
stages—the egg, the seed or larva, the nymph 
and the adult. The adults as a rule are found 
chiefly on the larger animals, while the two 
younger forms attach themselves to small ani¬ 
mals, pass a short time on them, and then drop 
off to molt and assume the next older stage. 
Besides the danger to human health, caused 
by the fact that these small native animals— 
chiefly rodents—act as hosts for the young forms 
of these ticks, they do an enormous damage to 
agriculture by the destruction of crops. The 
present enlargement of the previous circular is 
a continuation of the efforts so long put forth 
by the Biological Survey to assist the farmer to 
compete with his worst enemies. 
In many cases poisoning is the most effective 
and least expensive means of destroying these 
rodents, and strychnine, arsenic and phosphorus 
are the three poisons most commonly used. 
Strychnine in either of its forms is quick and 
effective, though much more expensive than 
either of the others. The chief objection to it 
is that its bitterness, unless disguised, causes cer¬ 
tain rodents to refuse to eat the poisoned grain. 
Yellow phosphorus is dangerous to persons 
using it, and causes slow and painful death, 
while white arsenic is not always to be depended 
on. There are other poisons which for various 
reasons are objectionable. Strychnine is recom¬ 
mended and a number of formulae are given for 
administering it to different animals. Poison 
should be put out in the spring as soon as pos¬ 
sible after the animals cease hibernation, and 
before any green thing has started. At this 
time they eat more readily than at any other. 
Co-operation in rodent poisoning is recom¬ 
mended since a landowner, who by effort and 
expense has cleared his own land of injurious 
rodents, is likely soon to have it invaded by 
other rodents bred on adjoining farms. Be¬ 
sides, a campaign undertaken by all the people 
in a community will destroy most of the in¬ 
jurious mammals on the land at far less expense 
than if the work was done individually. 
The Columbian ground squirrel is perhaps the 
most injurious rodent in Western Montana, and 
is one of the most important hosts for the’ 
younger stages 'of the fever tick. W. V. King 
and Mr. Birdseye counted the seed and nymphal 
wood ticks on 341 specimens and found no less 
than 2,075, an average of 6.09 to the animal. 
These ground squirrels eat growing grain, car¬ 
rots, potatoes, beans, peas and other garden 
truck and grass, and also destroy young trees 
in orchards. They should be gotten rid of. 
Poisoning, trapping and fumigation with car¬ 
bon bisulphide are the most effective methods 
of getting rid of these animals, and all these 
methods should be employed at the same time. 
Chipmunks, pine squirrels, woodchucks, white¬ 
footed mice, house mice, meadow mice, wood- 
rats and pocket gophers and rabbits are extreme¬ 
ly injurious, and can all be effectively destroyed. 
The paper recommends that poison should be 
prepared in bulk by State experiment stations, 
counties, chambers of commerce, farmers’ unions 
or other organizations, and then distributed to 
individuals at cost. There are many common 
proprietary poisons, but some of them are quite 
ineffective and cost more than the preparations 
recommended by this paper. 
Readers interested in this subject should write 
to the United States Department of Agriculture, 
Washington, D. C., for Farmers’ Bulletin, 484, 
issued March 9, 1912. 
National Archery Association. 
The twenty-fourth annual tournament of the 
National Archery Association of the United 
States will take place on the 13th, 14th, 15th and 
16th of August, 1912, on Soldiers’ Field, Harvard 
University, Cambridge. Present indications point 
to the largest and most closely contested tourna¬ 
ment in the history of the association, and cer¬ 
tain radical changes in the program give promise 
of making it the most enjoyable. 
ladies’ program. 
Number 
Day. Morning. Afternoon. of Arrows. 
1.. 1st Columbia.2d Columbia.... 144 
2.. 1st National.2d National.144 
3. .Team Shoot.H’cap Columbia.i6S 
4. .Handicap National. .Wand Shoot.... 72+x 
Flight 
gentlemen’s program. 
r. .1st American.2d American... .180 
2.. 100 yards..80 yds.; 60 yds.. . 144 
3.. 100 yards.80 yds.; 60 yds... 144 
4. .Team Shoot.H’cap American.186 
Flight Shooting 
Besides the regular prizes for the York, 
handicap prizes will be given for the 80 yards 
and 60 yards of the 2d York, based on the 
scores made at those distances in the first. The 
prizes will go to the highest scores (possibly to 
the second highest), and hits will decide in case 
of a tie. 
The York is the great event, the real cham¬ 
pionship contest of the meeting. It ought, there¬ 
fore, to come as the climax and culmination of 
the tournament rather than to end in the middle 
of it. The shooting of the American Round will 
