76 
House & Carden • 
WnjBfMMIMWMBWWMWBTMMHfrririi lit"' 
The rich subdued elegance of 
this Elgin A. Simonds Co. three 
piece set suggests the atmos¬ 
phere of historic Italian houses. 
Chest, chair and mirror are 
beautifully hand carved by Elgin 
A. Simonds Co. workmen with 
the painstaking skill of furniture 
makers of other days. 
At all good furniture shops. 
Brans /no 
Established 1888 
356 Fifth Ave. at 34~St. 
New York 
Paintings, Mezzotints 
Mirrors, Lamps, Shades 
Period Furniture 
Hangings, Framing 
Interior Decorating 
Brass Candlestick 17" high, $12.00 
Brace Back Windsor Chair, Finish 
Antique Brown $29.00 
Colonial Stand, Finish Antique 
Brown $12.00 
I l_"CHINESE PRINCESS’*, by Ida Me- 
fimimiiiwClelland Stout. 15% in. high. $175 
MILCH 
GALLERIES 
Dealers in 
AMERICAN 
PAINTINGS 
and 
SCULPTURE 
New Illustrated booklet "Art Notes" sent on request 
108 West 57 th Street, New York 
Rose Notes 
(Continued from page 74) 
j way for a lower cover. This variety 
grows to a height of only 18". The 
i Wichuraiana, already mentioned as a 
climbing rose, is a trailing rose when 
given an opportunity and makes a beau¬ 
tiful almost evergreen ground cover with 
small, glossy, dark-green leaves. It is use¬ 
ful for banks, the sides of steps, or for 
1 hanging over rock cliffs or retaining walls. 
When permitted to trail it mats closely 
and roots at every joint. Some training 
but little pruning is needed when it is 
used in this way. 
A tree rose is a bush rose grafted 3' 
or more above the ground on a long, 
straight stalk of a brier, Rugosa, or 
other strong - stemmed rose. These 
bushes are not very satisfactory in the 
United States, because the stocks now 
available do not seem able to stand 
the hot sun and hot drying winds of 
the climate of most of this country. In 
western Oregon and western Washing¬ 
ton they succeed. Their appropriate 
use is only in connection with a formal 
design, either in special gardens or near 
buildings. 
Pruning 
The quality of the blossoms produced 
as cut-flower roses can be controlled 
largely by pruning. For the production 
of individual blossoms of greatest per¬ 
fection, as well as to secure a succession 
of bloom, severe pruning must be prac¬ 
ticed. When a large number of blooms 
of small size is the aim, the pruning is 
less severe. Where the greatest amount 
of bloom is desired, without regard to 
[ the size or quality of the individual 
1 flowers, the least pruning is done. 
If dormant roses have been set out 
in the fall, one-half the wood will have 
been removed. In the spring these 
s roses should be cut back more, leaving 
only two or three stems with four or 
five eyes on each. This will leave them 
6 inches or less in length. When dor¬ 
mant roses are planted in the spring 
they should be pruned at the time of 
planting, leaving four or five eyes on a 
stem, as above recommended. In 
regions where there is no danger of 
injury from frost or dry winds the final 
pruning, as described for spring, may be 
made in the fall. After the first year 
pruning should be done as soon as 
freezing weather is over. In regions 
where roses never suffer from cold it 
may be done in the fall. All weak 
wood and crossing branches should be 
removed every year. For fine specimen 
blooms on hybrid perpetuals, the re¬ 
maining shoots should be shortened to 
four or five eyes. For the greatest 
mass of bloom only one-third to one- 
half the length of the shoots should be 
! cut away. 
In regions where cold sometimes in¬ 
jures roses, teas and their hybrids 
should be trimmed later than the other 
classes, or about the time growth starts. 
They should be trimmed in the same 
manner as the hybrid perpetuals. China, 
Bengal, and most roses should be 
treated the same as the teas and hybrid 
teas, except that it is not desirable to 
cut them quite so closely. Bourbon 
roses should have only half the length 
of the shoots removed. Summer prun¬ 
ing is desirable. 
Special Pruning 
A special type of pruning should be 
practiced in fall in sections where win- 
! ter protection is necessary. Under such 
circumstances it is desirable to cut back 
1 the tops in the fall to within 30 inches 
of the ground to allow of more easily 
! covering the bushes. This should be 
followed in the spring by the regular 
j pruning. The long stems left in this 
] fall pruning help hold the winter mulch 
from blowing away and from packing 
too closely. They are also long enough 
| to allow considerable winter killing and 
yet have sufficient eyes left to insure 
ample growth for the next season’s' 
bloom. 
Time of Planting 
In deciding the time to plant cut- 
flower roses, the gardener must take into 
consideration the kind of plant, the lo¬ 
cation, and, to a certain extent, the sea¬ 
son. The roses may be obtained either 
as dormant or potted plants. It is best 
to use the former and plant in the fall 
in those sections where the temperature 
does not fall below 10° F., where the* 
winter winds are not exceptionally dry¬ 
ing, and where the soil has been so pre¬ 
pared that it does not heave badly. In 
other places spring planting with potted 
plants is best. If budded or grafted 
roses are used they must be planted 
deeper than own-rooted roses would be, 
because of the liability of shoots start¬ 
ing from the stock below the scion. 
The point of union between the stock 
and scion should be planted 3 inches 
under the ground. By planting in this 
way the scion will have an opportunity 
to form roots from the part of the stem 
in the ground and thus become at least 
partially own-rooted. Planting the stock 
so deeply discourages the formation of 
new shoots from it. If any appear they 
must be removed at once. 
Potted plants, as opposed to the dor¬ 
mant sort, should be set out in the 
spring after the maples come to leaf, or 
not over two weeks before the oaks 
come into leaf. With potted plants no 
root pruning is necessary, as any prun¬ 
ing required should have been done at 
the time of potting. Where the roses 
are small and suited to the size of. the 
pot, the balls of earth are planted with 
the top half an inch or so below the 
surface. The soil is compacted about 
the ball without breaking it.’ These 
roses are watered in the same way as 
dormant plants. 
Field grown plants, especially the 
larger sizes, usually have long roots 
which are doubled up when placed in a 
pot. In planting them in a garden, the 
roots should be straightened out, but 
great care should be taken in this 
process not to disturb unduly the soil 
adhering to the roots. By having the 
ball of earth quite wet, its breakage 
does not cause the complete dropping 
away of the soil when it is disturbed 
for the purpose of spreading the roots. 
Good earth must be well compacted 
about these soil-covered roots, and the 
whole should be watered and dry soil 
put about the plants after the water 
has soaked away. 
Spacing Roses 
Hybrid perpetual roses should be set 
from 2 to 3 feet apart, depending on 
the vigor of growth and the locality. 
When the greatest mass of bloom is 
wanted the vigorous ones had better 
be 3 feet apart. When used in the 
South they should be slightly farther 
apart, but because most of them bloom 
only once during the season, or at most 
only in the spring and fall, they are 
neglected there in favor of kinds more 
desirable for the region. 
Tea roses should be planted from 18 
to 30 inches apart, depending on the 
vigor of growth and proposed treat¬ 
ment. 
The hybrid tea roses have a greater 
range of character of growth even than 
the other kinds discussed, and the 
pioper distance for planting cor¬ 
responds. The planting distance is 
from 20 inches to 3 feet, being greatest 
in the warmer regions where they get 
an abundance of water, and least where 
they are retarded in growth by cold 
winters or dry summers. 
The China and Bourbon roses should 
be planted about as far apart as the 
hybrid perpetuals. 
