House 
& Garden 
76 
1 7 ■■ 
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>• , v v"'W 
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& 
•lyssa? 
The Control of Plant Insects and Diseases 
(Continued from page 57) 
BORERS THAT DRILL into the TRUNKS of TREES 
Destroyed by Force 
point of entry will be near the ground 
line and they will work down, whereas 
borers attacking shade trees usually 
work up. In any case the borer should 
always be killed either by cutting out 
with a knife where possible, or by in¬ 
serting A piece of flexible wire to the 
bottom of the hole he has made. The 
scar made should be painted with 
heavy waterproof paint to prevent the en¬ 
trance of moisture and consequent decay. 
B ORERS are more dangerous in a 
young orchard than anywhere else. 
Trees of some size are attacked 
less frequently than smaller ones. It is 
therefore evident that young orchards 
should be watched carefully, and even 
preventive measures are worth consid¬ 
ering with peaches. 
Borers are easily detected by the 
trained eye. They will invariably at¬ 
tack weak, puny trees. In fruit trees the 
Name 
Identification 
Effect on Plants 
Causes 
PEACH BORER.. 
Tiny pinholes in 
bark near ground 
line; opening with 
knife reveals the 
furrow. 
If neglected they 
will destroy trees. 
They come and go 
regardless of 
weather condi¬ 
tions. 
FLAT AND 
ROUND HEAD 
APPLE BORERS 
Much larger than 
peach borer. 
Starts at ground 
line and works 
downward. 
Causes patches of 
dead bark that 
will soon girdle 
the tree and kill 
it. 
Invasion of their 
natural feeding 
places has caused 
these borers to 
scatter. 
HICKORY TWIG 
BORER . 
A borer that enters 
the twigs, causing 
lumps on the 
bark which soon 
break off. 
The twigs continue 
to fall until the 
entire tree dies in 
three or four 
years. 
A borer new to the 
hickory and evi¬ 
dently caused by 
disturbance of nat¬ 
ural feed grounds. 
CANE FRUIT 
BORER . 
Small borers that 
work in the stems 
of soft center 
cane fruits, caus- 
i n g noticeable 
lumps. 
Infested canes soon 
turn yelolw and 
die. 
Abundant in patches 
where grass and 
weeds grow un¬ 
molested. 
ROOT BORER. . . . 
Unhealthy plants 
will be loose at 
ground line, and 
some roots ap¬ 
pear dead. 
Destroys the roots 
by boring down 
the center, de¬ 
stroying the tis¬ 
sues as it goes. 
Poor soil, as sickly 
plants are usual¬ 
ly attacked. 
SQUASH VINE 
BORER . 
A white maggot 
about %" long 
that enters the 
stems of soft cen¬ 
tered plants. 
The stem attacked 
soon becomes soft 
and flabby and 
dies. 
Leaving litter and 
grass in the fall 
for the pupae to 
hibernate in. 
OTHER BORERS. 
Holes in the bark of 
trees with fine 
sawdust at the 
opening. Usually 
works up toward 
the branches. 
Robust trees will die 
in a few years if 
not freed of in¬ 
festation. 
The presence of all 
borers is perhaps 
part of the read¬ 
justment caused 
by man destroying 
their natural 
haunts. 
I- 
Name 
Plants Attacked 
Preventatives 
Cure, If Any 
PEACH BORER. . 
This particular type 
confines itself to 
peach trees. 
Painting trees at 
bases and 4" ^be¬ 
low ground line 
with coal tar. 
Covering with tar 
The borer should be 
dug out with a 
sharp knife or 
killed with a wire. 
FLAT AND 
ROUND HEAD 
APPLE BORERS 
Small apple trees of 
not more than 5" 
diameter ; oc¬ 
casionally larger 
ones. 
Mounding up coal 
ashes or sand 
around the butt 
for a few years. 
Must be cut out 
with a knife, or 
a wire can be 
used to kill them. 
HICKORY TWIG 
BORER . 
.CANE! FRUIT 
BORER . 
All sizes of hickory 
trees. 
Blackberries, c u r - 
rants, gooseberries 
and other pithy 
centered plants. 
Nothing known to 
prevent the 
spread except cut¬ 
ting down infested 
trees. 
Keep all grass and 
litter removed 
from around 
plants, and culti¬ 
vate frequently. 
The only hope is to 
cut back infested 
twigs. 
Cut infested canes 
below point of en¬ 
try and burn. 
ROOT BORER. .. . 
Grapes, blackberries, 
gooseberries, and 
all fleshy rooted 
fruit plants. 
Good, rich soil and 
deep cultivation. 
Use plenty of 
lime. 
Dig up and destroy 
badly infested 
plants. If slight¬ 
ly infested, lift 
and reset after 
destroying borers. 
SQUASH VINE 
BORER . 
All soft centered 
plants such as 
squash, pumpkins, 
tomatoes, dahlias, 
etc. 
Keep garden and 
surroundings free 
of litter in fall; 
cultivate all open 
area in fall; burn 
grass borders. 
If the plant is vig¬ 
orous the borer 
can be cut out. 
Cut up from the 
opening until you 
find him. 
OTHER BORERS. 
There are few trees 
not subject to at¬ 
tack. 
Keep a close watch 
to destroy them 
just as they enter 
the tree. 
Use a knife and a 
piece of flexible 
steel wire. The 
borer must be re¬ 
moved. 
