94 
JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 
[Vol. 16 
mixtures consisting of sulfur-lead-arsenate (90-10 formula) with 0.5, 1, 
and 2 percent nicotine, respectively. The materials were applied as the 
apple buds were opening and the aphids were appearing on the tips of 
the young leaves. The effectiveness of the different mixtures in pro¬ 
tecting fruits from injury is indicated in Table 3. 
Experiments with the Apple Red Bug 
The applications of dust and spray mixtures were made to Greening 
apples when the petals had dropped from the trees. The experiments 
were conducted in two different orchards. The methods followed in 
these experiments, the selection of dust and spray mixtures, and principal 
results are clearly indicated in Tables 4 and 5. 
Table 4. Comparative Susceptibility of Red Bug Nymphs to Dusting and Spraying Mixtures 
Number Amount Average No. of Average per- 
Material of trees of material insects dislodged centage 
examined per tree - killed 
number number 
living dead 
Reground tobacco dust. 
.1 
8 lbs. 
12 
186 
93.9 
Sulfur-lead-arsenate dust, 0.5 percent 
nicotine. 
.3 
2 lbs. 
18 
59 
78.8 
Sulfur-lead-arsenate dust, 0.5 percent 
nicotine. 
.2 
5 lbs. 
52 
988 
95.0 
Sulfur-lead-arsenate dust, 1.0 percent 
nicotine.. 
.3 
2 lbs. 
27 
94 
73.3 
Sulfur-lead-arsenate dust, 1.0 percent 
nicotine. 
.2 
5 lbs. 
0 
155 • 
100.0 
Sulfur-lead-arsenate dust, 2.0 percent 
nicotine. 
.4 
5 lbs. 
0 
199 
100.0 
Spray (tobacco dust 40 lbs. per 100 gals, 
lime-sulfur 1-40). 
.1 
15 gals. 
1 
331 
99.7 
Spray (tobacco dust 40 lbs. per 100 gals, 
lime-sulfur 1-40). 
.1 
25 gals. 
4 
185 
97.9 
Spray (nicotine sulfate 1 pint in 100 gals, 
lime-sulfur 1-40). 
.1 
7X gals. 
17 
349 
95.4 
Spray (nicotine sulfate 1 pint in 100 gals, 
lime-sulfur 1-40). 
.1 
15 gals. 
1 
478 
99.8 
Spray (nicotine sulfate X pint in 100 gals, 
lime-sulfur 1-40). 
.1 
15 gals. 
39 
162 
80.6 
Spray (nicotine sulfate X pint in 100 gals, 
lime-sulfur 1-40).. 
.1 
25 gals. 
21 
86 
80.4 
Table 5. Comparative Susceptibility of Red Bug Nymphs to Dusting Mixtures 
Amount 
Number of insects 
Percentage 
Material 
per tree dislodged 
killed 
number 
number 
living 
dead 
Reground tobacco dust with 10 percent lime hydrate. . 
5 lbs. 
26 
888 
97.2 
Reground tobacco dust with 10 percent lime hyrdate.. . 
5 lbs. 
28 
395 
93.4 
Reground tobacco dust with 10 percent lime hydrate.. . 
5 lbs. 
9 
188 
95.4 
Reground tobacco dust with 10 percent lime hydrate.. . 
5 lbs. 
5 
19 
79.2 
Reground tobacco dust with 10 percent lime hydrate.. . 
5 lbs. 
*8 
52 
86.7 
Reground tobacco dust with 10 percent lime hydrate. . 
5 lbs. 
27 
424 
94.0 
Reground tobacco dust with 10 percent lime hydrate.. . 
5 lbs. 
9 
151 
94.4 
Reground tobacco dust with 10 percent lime hydrate.. . 
10 lbs. 
7 
321 
97.9 
Tobacco dust. 
5 lbs. 
15 
223 
93.7 
Tobacco dust. 
5 lbs. 
5 
174 
97.2 
Lime hydrate with 2 percent nicotine. 
5 lbs. 
1 
201 
99.5 
Lime hydrate with 2 percent nicotine. 
5 lbs. 
1 
220 
99.5 
Summary 
Tobacco dust with 10 percent lime hydrate. 
. 5 lbs. 
91.5 
Tobacco dust with 10 percent lime hydrate.. !. 
10 lbs. 
97.9 
Tobacco dust. 
.5 lbs. 
95.5 
Lime hvdrate with 2 percent nicotine. 
. 5 lbs. 
99.5 
