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JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 
[Vol. 16 
foundation and accessory parts. Under the guidance of a practical 
beekeeper as instructor, and with the aid of exact directions, the com¬ 
plete hive is set up, the supers outfitted ready for the bees and the equip¬ 
ment painted. Few beekeepers do this exactly right, and for the student 
to do it correctly requires some concentration. Each student now has a 
hive ready for the colony, which is either furnished as package bees or 
made up form a single frame nucleus during the spring term. 
Wax extraction, liquefying and bottling honey, its grading according 
to color, body, clarity and nectar sources, and its sale, are each given 
ample attention. 
The balance of the winter term is utilized in making up home-made 
devices, such a frame wiring apparatus, foundation fasteners, field tool 
boxes, etc. 
The second term no lectures are scheduled, but informal lectures are 
given by the instructor during each laboratory period, which is spent in 
the bee yard, except when inclement weather prevents. 
Stimulative feeding (its use and abuse), winter protection, in part, 
taught at time of unpacking, uniting, equalizing, swarm control, comb 
and extracted honey production, the simplest queen production and the 
establishment of nuclei, are the points stressed. 
At the same time, familiarity with handling bees by actual manipula¬ 
tion by each student every laboratory period is insisted upon. Full 
protection by veils, leggings and gloves is required at first, but as con¬ 
fidence is acquired the student is allowed to dispense with the protection 
if he so desires. 
Project work follows and consists of the establishment of at least one 
colony of bees on the farm where the trainee is getting his placement 
training. If he owns, or has a long lease, on the place where he is in 
training and seems adapted to beekeeping, he is encouraged to establish 
an apiary. Projects are visited at frequent intervals by the instructor, 
for the purpose of aiding the student in handling his bees, and to check 
up on his progress. 
Wintering methods are worked out on the project, and those who wish 
to continue and seem to have the proper aptitude are given advanced 
class work, wherein the fundamental behavior problems and special 
topics are dealt with in detail. 
Chairman M. C. Tanquary: We will pass to the next paper by S. B. 
Fracker. 
