April, ’23] 
FLINT: SAN JOSE SCALE CONTROL 
211 
On May 17th, forty-three days after the last application was made, a 
number of small branches were taken from the tops, center and lower 
parts of the two trees in the center of each of the spray plots and. ex¬ 
aminations of living and dead scale were made individually by Mr. J. J. 
Davis, Mr. P. A. Glenn and the writer, none of whom knew the treatment 
which had been given to the scale which they were examining. The 
average of these examinations is as follows: 
Percent of Living Scale 
Treatment 47 Days after Treatment 
Scalecide (1 to 15) Less than .5% 
Spra-mulsion (1 to 15) .4% 
Diamond paraffin fish oil soap emulsion (2%) 1.5% 
Junior Red Engine fish oil soap emulsion (2%) 7. % 
Commercial liquid lime sulphur (32° Beaume, 1 to 8) 11. % 
Soluble Sulphur, Niagara (15 lb. to 50 gals, water) 18.5% 
Dry lime sulphur (15 to 50) 41. % 
Check, no treatment 50.4% 
The remainder of the orchard was thoroly sprayed in the fall of 1921 
with steam cooked lime sulphur at a dilution equivalent to one to seven, 
from the 32° Beaume concentrated solution, and again in the spring 
with the same material. By October 1st, 1922 most of the trees were 
incrusted with San Jose Scale, and few apples could be found in the 
entire orchard that were not badly specked with the scale. Many of 
the growers in this section have had the same experience. 
If with the thoro spraying given in our experimental plots eleven 
percent of the scale remained alive after the application of dormant spray, 
it is evident that a more effective material must be used if such can be 
found which will meet the requirements of orchardists as to availability, 
freedom from injury to the trees and cost. 
Many orchardists in the southern Illinois section have used com¬ 
mercial miscible oils during the past season and on the whole have ob¬ 
tained much better control of the scale than has been the case with lime 
sulphur. On large trees where from fifteen to twenty gallons of the 
dilute spray are required to a tree, the cost of the miscible oils makes 
them almost prohibitive. The homemade lubricating oil emulsions 
which have been used for a number years by Mr. W. W. Yothers in 
Florida for controlling citrus insects and which were included in our 
experiments and have given nearly as good control of the scale as has 
been the case with commercial miscible oils, at a cost considerably lower 
than that of the liquid lime sulphur. At the present price commercial 
^iquid lime sulphur for the dilute spray ready to apply to the tree will 
