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JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 
[Vol. 16 
cost from l^c to 2c per gallon, commercial miscible oils figured on the 
same basis will cost from 4^c to 5c per gallon and the home made lub¬ 
ricating oil emulsion from 24 to lc per gallon. 
During the past year several thousand gallons of this lubricating oil 
emulsion has been applied to southern Illinois orchards, in every case 
with highly satisfactory results so far as control of the scale was con¬ 
cerned, and in no case resulted in any injury to the trees. 
The Federal Entomologists working with these sprays during the past 
season in Arkansas have obtained similar results to those here reported 
from Illinois. There is hardly a commercial orchardist in the southern 
part of the state who does not plan to give at least a part of his orchard a 
dormant treatment with these sprays. In view of the fact that our 
work with these sprays covers only one season we are not recommending 
them. 
Under conditions where the orchardists have become dissatisfied with 
lime sulphur, and where experimental work has shown only a fair degree 
of control with this material, is it not advisable to recommend the use of 
the oil sprays, at least until the scale is again brought under control? 
Mr. W. J. Schoene : Will Mr. Flint tell us how he makes the mixtures 
and what strengths he uses in the sprays? 
Mr. W. P. Flint: They were made with several grades of lubricating 
oil emulsified with potash fish oil soap. The formula we have been 
using is the same as that used generally, which is one gallon of lubricating 
oil (we have been using Diamond paraffin oil), one half gallon of water, 
and one to two pounds of potash fish oil soap. 
With some waters we found we had to increase the amount of potash 
fish oil soap and in some cases make it two pounds in order to get a good 
emulsion. We have used these in all cases in actual spraying in the 
orchards at a two percent strength. In another experiment the lubri¬ 
cating oil emulsions were tested at strengths of from one to six per¬ 
cent oil. All scale wet with the two to six percent emulsion was 
killed. 
Mr. W. J. Schoene: In the wintertime? 
Mr. W. P. Flint: The work was done early in March. 
Mr. O. I. Snapp: Was any of that work done on peaches? 
Mr. W. P. Flint: We have not used it much on peaches because we 
felt it was dangerous, and expected injury. Apparently the two per 
cent oil emulsion can be combined with 4-4-50 Bordeaux and used at the 
