April, ’23] 
SAN JOSE SCALE CONTROL, DISCUSSION 
213 
time when the aphis are clustered on the outside of the buds, giving a 
combined fungicide, aphicide and scale spray. At a two per cent 
strength these emulsions will kill the aphis. 
Mr. W. J. Schoene: And will not injure the foliage? 
Mr. W. P. Flint: No injury occurred in our experiments last year. 
Mr. E. N. Cory: What time of year do you get your first crawling 
young? 
Mr. W. P. Flint: Last year the 27th of May, where we were working. 
Mr. 0 . I. Snapp: Do you think one per cent or one and one-half per 
cent emulsion will control? 
Mr. W. P. Flint: We didn’t get perfect control until we got up to 
two per cent. 
Mr. J. S. Houser: Last year I had the privilege of visiting this 
district in company with Mr. Flint, and the existing condition is the 
most disconcerting thing along the line of insect control that I have seen 
happen for a good long while. 
We have become, I am afraid, rather complacent in our assurance of 
our ability to control San Jose scale. It illustrates the point that we as 
economic entomologists must be on the lookout for new developments 
with old pests. We simply cannot allow ourselves to become less alert 
in our observations and in our recommendations. 
And since Dr. Howard has compared a part of this program with an 
earlier meeting in Europe, I should like to compare this section of this 
program with a part of the program of this Association some years ago, 
when we heard discussed the use of parasites in the control of San Jose 
scale, “that the days of using sprays for controlling the scale were 
over—and that nature would do the job for us!” 
Secretary A. F. Burgess: I think that matter might be taken 
back a step farther, when lime sulphur was used experimentally in the 
East in a number of places and found ineffective. Later it was used 
with better results. It may be that there are conditions which have 
not been given proper attention that will explain the whole reason why 
years ago it was found ineffective and then became more effective later 
on. 
These same conditions may have been duplicated in the last year or two 
when the insect has been increasing enormously and doing a great 
amount of damage. 
I believe thoroughly in what Mr. Houser has said, that we cannot be 
too optimistic about some of these problems that we think are settled, 
Because there are liable to be changes in conditions and there may be 
