June, ’23 
NEWELL: TROPICAL AND SUB-TROPICAL QUARANTINES 
265 
Space does not permit of listing the many insects intercepted in the 
course of this inspection work. In the case of Coccidae alone, the 
following species, either unknown or of very limited occurrence in the 
United States, may be mentioned: Aspidiotus destructor Sign., A. 
fabernii Houser, A. palmae Morg. & Ckll., A. subsimilis var. anonae 
Houser, Asterolecanium miliaris Bdv., Lepidosaphes hawaiiensis (Mask.), 
Pseudaonidia articulatus (Morg.), P. tesserata (DeC.), Pseudischnaspis 
alienus (Newst.), Pseudococcus sacchari (Ckll.), Targionia hartii (Ckll.), 
T. sacchari (Ckll.) and Vinsonia stellifera (Westw.). 
Among the quarantines maintained by Florida to prevent the intro¬ 
duction of insects or diseases from other states may be mentioned those 
designed to prevent the introduction of citrus canker, brown rot of 
lemons and oranges, the Japanese camphor scale and the Mexican 
bean beetle. 
A glance at the map of the United States here shown tells us im¬ 
mediately that the United States is not receiving adequate quarantine 
protection. We see that inspectors of the Federal Horticultural Board 
are stationed at Boston, New York, Philadelphia, Baltimore, Washing¬ 
ton, New Orleans, Brownsville, Laredo, Eagle Pass, Del Rio, El Paso, 
Nogales, Calexico, Seattle and Portland, Oregon; also that collaborators 
of the Federal Horticultural Board are located at Newport News, 
Jacksonville, Miami, Key West, Tampa, Pensacola, San Diego, Los 
Angeles, San Piedro, San Francisco and Eureka but that the following 
ports are entirely without inspection service: Portland,(Maine,)Wilming¬ 
ton, Charleston, Savannah, Brunswick, Mobile, Gulfport, Galveston and 
Port Arthur. In other words, the quarantine fence around the United 
States consists of a few posts, with numerous gaps between. Surely 
such an arrangement falls far short of giving adequate protection. 
One has but to note the vast amount of dangerous plant material con¬ 
stantly arriving at any port of the United States to realize this. 
No stigma attaches to the Federal Horticultural Board for this 
situation. To the full limit of its available resources, the Board’s work 
has been thorough and efficient. The plain truth is that the Board has 
never had even reasonable financial support from Congress. When we 
recall that the great majority of the insects and diseases which occasion 
annual losses aggregating millions of dollars are introduced ones and 
when we recall our experience with such things as the Gipsy moth, 
white pine blister rust, Japanese beetle, Japanese camphor scale, citrus 
white fly and citrus canker, we can only marvel at the lack of foresight 
