288 
JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 
[Vol. 16 
of wood ashes at monthly intervals. These two materials will operate 
to some extent against the larvae and pupae in the soil and the tobacco 
dust will kill any newly hatched larvae which come in contact with it 
while crawling on or entering the soil. 
To prevent an infestation from becoming established in a greenhouse, 
plants should not be retained in greenhouses longer than three years. 
In addition, cleanliness, involving the removal of dead leaves and 
trash, must be practiced incessantly, and soil which is used in the beds 
should either be sterilized or composted for several months before 
being brought into the houses. 
From the preceding recommendations it is evident that no single 
practice or control measure will subdue this pest, and that successful 
control entails a program of several measures persistently followed and 
applied in such a manner that it will fit in with the normal cultural con¬ 
ditions under which roses are grown. 
President J. G. Sanders: Mr. George A. Dean will present the 
next paper. 
ANOTHER STEP IN THE CONTROL OF THE HESSIAN FLY 1 
By George A. Dean, Entomologist , Kansas State Agricultural College 
Abstract 
The Hessian fly, Phytophaga destructor Say, can be controlled very effectively in 
Kansas by early, deep plowing of the stubble, by destruction of volunteer wheat, 
delayed sowing and cooperative work along these lines. Observations show that 
the fly lives over in relatively small, low, moist springy places, usually of less than an 
acre though in some cases they may comprise 40-80 acres. The destruction of the 
fly in all such areas by turning under the stubble, keeping them free from volunteer 
wheat and restricting planting till after the fly-free-date is recommended. 
During the last twelve years in Kansas, it has been demonstrated that 
the Hessian fly can be controlled very effectively by the following im¬ 
portant steps: (1) Early, deep plowing of the stubble; (2) The proper 
preparation of the seed bed; (3) Destruction of the volunteer wheat; 
(4) Delay in sowing until the fly-free-date; and (5) Cooperation. Al¬ 
though we have been successful in controlling serious outbreaks of the fly, 
our methods of control have been primarily to terminate the outbreak 
rather than to prevent reinfestations, and thus it would seem that an 
important step in the control of the fly had been overlooked or neglected, 
Contribution No. 85, from the Entomological Laboratory, Kansas State Agri¬ 
cultural College. This paper embodies some of the results obtained in the prose¬ 
cution of project No. 8 of the Agricultural Experiment Station. 
