358 
JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 
[Vol. 16 
region was afforested early in the nineteenth century and today presents 
perhaps the world’s finest example of afforestation, having been con¬ 
verted from an encroaching waste of sea sand to a profitable area yield¬ 
ing turpentine, lumber and fuel. Here a number of units of American 
forest troops found supplies of suitable timber sufficient for many 
months’ operations. 
The camp site at Lamanchs is ideal from the standpoint of health and 
sanitation. The drainage in the dry sand is perfect. There are no 
streams or pools of standing water in the entire local dune region and 
mosquitoes are rare. Excepting one farmhouse two miles to the west 
there is no human habitation nearer than Mimizan-les-Bains. The 
climate is mild, the rains occurring mostly during the winter months, 
and snow seldom falls. The heat of summer is moderated by sthady 
winds from the sea. Very little of the area is level and a uniform stand 
of maritime pines covers the dunes which consist of long ridges parallel 
to the coastline, and which attain a maximum height of 100 feet at their 
crests. Lamanchs was uninhabited before our arrival, being merely a 
loading point for lumber and turpentine on a branch of the Southern 
Railroad. 
After some weeks, sanitary arrangements for the company’s camp 
were installed—shower baths, a covered mess hall and kitchen com¬ 
bined, incinerator, a driven well, and a meat storage house. During the 
first months open latrines were used, followed by the erection of a large 
box latrine about May 1st, in accordance with general orders received. 
The covered latrine consisted of a pit about 30 x 6 feet and 8 feet deep, 
covered with a box, with a roof above and partly open sidewalls. Six 
small latrines were constructed at convenient places about camp. 
The food conservation projects undertaken by the company were a 
garden (in accordance with general orders) and a few hogs (voluntary) 
for the disposal of garbage. The hogs were kept in a pen 30 feet square 
in a corner of the mule corral, 200 yards west of the mess hall. From 
the start of the operation no trouble was experienced from fly breeding 
in the filth of discarded food cans, these being burned clean in the incin¬ 
erator, pounded flat and stored for future use as a source of iron. Clean¬ 
liness was enforced about the company street and living quarters. 
The mule stable, housing 62 head, is believed by the writer to have 
been conducted in a sanitary manner. Some of the manure was spread 
on the garden plot and the rest used to improve the wearing qualities 
of the sandy woods roads. During the hot months the manure dried 
rapidly and was removed daily. Several inspections by the writer and 
