August, ’23] 
HAWLEY: INSECT PESTS OF UTAH 
377 
were placed around 52 trees and records were made every two or three 
days from June 1st to October 5th during the emergence season. (PI.5) 
From the 52 trees a total of 657 adults were recorded, the first adult 
emerging June 26th, while the first record of emergence in 1921 was June 
16th. However, that year the season was from two to three weeks early. 
Cages for obtaining emergence records were made of fine fly wire thirty- 
six to forty inches wide. (P1.5). They were made by cutting along 
the circumferences of two radii: One, that of the tree fourteen inches 
from ground and the other that of tree at the ground line plus six inches. 
(A little practice makes measurements unnecessary.) The edges were 
fastened by means of brass paper clips. The bottom was buried two 
or three inches and the top about the tree made tight by packing cotton 
between the cage and the tree. 
Adults were killed by stabbing them with a long hat pin, a method 
which saved hours of labor in opening up cages every time adults em¬ 
erged. No records were made unless adults were alive in the cage at 
the time of examination. Ants and ground beetles soon devoured the 
dead bodies. The total number emerging, as before given, was 657, 
making an average of 12.6 per tree. 
Control: Many parasites of the species , Microbracon sanninoides 
Gahan, were reared and identified by Mr. S. A. Rohwer. Two more 
parasites have been turned over to Mr. Rohwer and one of these is 
reported to be a new species; the other is as yet undetermined. 
Treatment with PDB: With Sept. 15th as the date of the last emerg¬ 
ence of the adults in vicinity of Chambersburg, Pa., it was deemed ad¬ 
visable not to start treatment with paradichlorobenzene before this time. 
Trees three years of age have been treated without injury, using one-half 
ounce per tree, for a period of two weeks and then promptly removing 
the mounds. Results of control with trees of this age and older gave a 
control ranging from 90 to 99 percent. 
NOTES ON THE INSECT PESTS OF UTAH 1 
By Ira M. Hawley, Logan , Utah 
Many parts of Utah, because of the mountain ranges and the dry and 
uncultivated lands that separate the tilled portions of the state, are 
protected from the gradual spread of injurious insects. For this reason 
many pests of long standing in most parts of the country are still absent 
or but recently introduced into the state. The Colorado potato beetle 
Contribution from the Entomological Department, Utah Agricultural College. 
