388 
JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 
[Vol. 16 
the living larvae of parasites, showing successful attack by the parasites 
in the later stages of the host development. This is not surprising when 
it is recalled that M. dentipes was observed in the field ovipositing in 
the cocoons of D. simile on the pine twigs. 
Monodontomerus dentipes Boh. has been lecorded from Holland by 
Ritzema 6 as a parasite from the cocoons of Diprion pini, a species often 
confused with D. simile in Europe, and it is highly probable that it was 
introduced into the United States in cocoons of D. simile on imported 
pines. It also occurs in Europe as a parasite of Lepidoptera, Dendroli- 
mus (. Bombyx ) pini in Austria, and from the cocoons of Zygaena occi- 
tanica Vill. in France. A similar species, Monodontomerus aerus Walk, 
was early introduced against the gipsy and brown-tail moths in New Eng¬ 
land where it has become a widespread pupal parasite. Unfortunately 
it is also a secondary about as much as it is a primary, so its usefulness 
is in question. Whether M. dentipes will attack our native Lepidoptera 
as it does in Europe, or become a dangerous secondary in Lepidoptera 
here as in case of its near relative, M. aereus, remains to be seen. In 
spite of these evident possibilities, the above data show for the present 
at least, that it is one of the most effective natural checks to the Europe¬ 
an Pine SavvAy in New Jersey and Pennsylvania. 
The other two species reared, Eurytoma sp. and Cryptus lophyri Nort. 
were not found in sufficient numbers to be considered of much import¬ 
ance in suppressing the European Pine Sawfly in America. However, 
it may be interesting to note that this is the first record of Cryptus 
lophyri Nort. in Diprion simile in the United States. 
THE EFFECT OF CS 2 ON THE GERMINATION OF SEEDS 
By C. J. Willard, Farm Crops Department , Ohio State University 
Abstract 
1. It would seem that in practice no aeration of storage places is necessary after 
fumigation with CS 2 whatever dose may be used, unless they are airtight. Bins and 
similar storage places for seeds almost never are airtight and before any of the longer 
periods reached by these experiments had elapsed the CS 2 would have diffused out of 
the bin. 
2. It required very large doses of bisulphide for a considerable period of time to 
have any marked effect on the germination of the seeds used in this experiment. 
' die injury slowly becomes greater as the time increases and as the dose increases, 
but is not directly proportional to either. 
3. Seeds vary tremendously in their resistance to CS 2 injury. 
4. Different varieties of the same species are very differently affected, perhaps, 
due to the pigment in the seedcoat. (Note garden beans and cowpeas.) 
5. The first injurious effect of CS 2 on seeds is a retardation of germination. 
°Report of the Institute of Phytopathology at Wageningen 1915. 
