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JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 
[V ol. 16 
taken from the treated and check plants and the percentages of the¬ 
oretical kill obtained by the various treatments. All the counts were 
taken in July. Twigs were taken at random, stripped carefully of every 
leaf, and the counts taken from these leaves. 
The large counts made in order to obtain the above percentages, and 
the large scale on which these sprays were used, especially in treating 
thousands of valuable nursery boxwood, will greatly strengthen the 
foregoing results. So many varying conditions, such as exposure of 
the plants, different varieties, close or open growth, shade and sun, 
number of applications given, etc. afforded every opportunity for 
studying the effect on the plants and whether oil sprays of this type 
could be applied safely without a number of qualifying precautions. 
Outside of the slight spotting, noticeable the first day or tw r o after the 
application of the spray, no perceptible signs of injury could be observed, 
and at this uniting (Oct. 2, 1922) the treated plants are in a fine healthy 
condition. The results of- the experiments would indicate that one or 
two applications of the oil at a strength of one part to twenty of water, 
with the addition of a pint of “Black Leaf 40“ to fifty gallons of the spray 
mixture, given about the first of May or shortly before the beginning of 
emergence, will be sufficient to greatly reduce an infestation, and that 
a repetition of the treatment will not be necessary even after forty-eight 
hours of hard rain. If the first application is a thorough one, the second 
one should probably follow in about one week, or just before the height 
of the emergence. A low pressure is advisable in applying the spray. 
KERNEL SPOT OF PECAN CAUSED BY THE SOUTHERN 
GREEN SOLDIER BUG 
By William F. Turner, Georgia State Board of Entomology 
Abstract 
Kernel spot proves to be a physiological trouble, resulting from the feeding of 
Hemiptera, particularly Nezara viridula L. As a result of such feeding the tissue of 
the kernel breaks down for a short distance around the puncture, resulting in a 
hemispherical discolored portion. This becomes bitter and imparts its bitterness 
to the whole kernel. Only the kernel is affected and the trouble cannot be detected 
until the nut is cracked. The insects can cause kernel spot only during the period 
when the kernel is hardening. They do not breed on pecans; only the adults feed 
on the nuts. Cowpeas and soybeans, being important breeding hosts, should not 
be used as cover crops in the orchards. 
Kernel spot of pecan is, as the name indicates, an affection of the 
kernel. When the spots are few in number they ate nearly round, as 
seen on the surface; when abundant, thru running together, they become 
irregular. At first the spots show only the slightest discoloration; later 
