December, ’23] 
doane: bees vs. spraying 
531 
done with a small hand-power spray pump and a pressure of 150 to 175 
lbs. was maintained. During the next ten days I watched the bees and 
the trees very carefully and then took the colony back to the apiary from 
whence it came. During the time that the bees were in the orchard no 
unusual conditions developed. The bees had been working actively 
and while a few dead bees had from time to time been found on the cloth 
spread outside of the hive, the number had not been more than one 
would expect to find around a hive at this time of the year. An ex¬ 
amination of the hive at intervals after it was returned to the apiary 
showed that the bees and the brood were in good condition and that the 
bees had stored a gocd deal of honey during the time they fed in the 
small apple orchard. 
It is a common practice among the bee men of Santa Clara Valley to 
lease their bees to orchardists for the blossom period, some orchardists 
paying as high as $2.00 or even $3.00 a colony to have the hives placed 
in various parts of their orchards. No restrictions are made as regards 
spraying and it is a well known fact that California orchardists are en¬ 
thusiastic sprayers. One prominent bee-man told me that when he 
first began this practice of renting his bees for use in the orchards he 
feared that he might lose seme of them when the trees were being sprayed 
as he had heard that bees were sometimes poisoned in this way. But as 
year after year went by and he noted no bad results frem having his 
bees in orchards where they were spraying with arsenical and other 
sprays, he came to pay no attention to it at all. 
In the Pajaro Valley, one of our important apple-growing sections, 
the orchardists begin to spray very soon after the apple blossoms appear 
and continue to spray for several weeks so the bees have every oppor¬ 
tunity to feed on sprayed blossoms over a long period, yet we do not 
have any reports of spray injury to bees in that section. 
A real California booster would say “It’s the climate!” Possibly it is. 
SOME ASPECTS OF BIOLOGICAL CONTROL IN HAWAII 
By D. T. Fullaway, Entomologist, Hawaiian Board of Agriculture and Forestry 
The use of natural agencies for keeping insect multiplication within 
bounds, which the term “biological control” connotes, has proved a 
most successful method of dealing with injurious insects in the Hawaiian 
Islands, and has been of great economic value. 'Artificial methods of 
control, on the other hand, have given generally poor results. The 
reason of this is found in peculiar conditions here, which I shall attempt 
to describe. 
