50 
FOREST AND STREAM. 
[July 8, 1911. 
male skeleton of the type of Cro-Magnon—of 
almost modern type—and the animals found 
with this skeleton are precisely like those found 
with the negroid bones. 
From all this it appears that primitive man 
was widely distributed over the earth at a very 
early time. It appears also that discoveries 
concerning him have as yet only begun. We 
may look for any discoveries at any time in 
Europe. Nothing need surprise us. We have 
an idea also of his descent, believing that the 
man of Heidelberg is the oldest, and that the 
Neanderthal man was his descendant. 
In America we are still in the dark as to 
whether a man more primitive than him whom 
our forefathers found when they landed on these 
shores ever existed here. Over the northern 
part of this Continent the great ice sheet with 
its grinding and eroding forces, shearing off 
hill tops and filling up valleys, must have de¬ 
stroyed all evidences of man. In the mountain 
ranges there are as yet known few caverns 
which might have sheltered human beings, 
and from the few caverns that are known 
—chiefly in California—we have as yet few 
human relics. Among the people native 
to America, the stone age, palaeolithic or 
neolithic, lasted in certain portions of the land 
up to within a generation or two. Dr. G. K. 
Gilbert years ago discovered on the beach of 
Lake Ontario, not far from the foot of the great 
glacier which overspread the northern part of 
the Continent, before the Niagara River had 
begun to cut its way through the rocks, an 
ancient hearth which shows that at the close of 
the glacial epoch there was here in America a 
man who understood how to make tools and 
knew also the use of fire; in other words, a 
man who had considerable culture, and who pre¬ 
sumably had been here for a long time. 
If man was found in America before the 
glacial epoch, we may feel sure that the advance 
of the ice sheet forced him further and further 
south, and when it melted and the climate grew 
warmer, no doubt he followed the margin of the 
ice north again. The inter-glacial epoch was 
followed by another period of cold, with great 
ice masses again covering the northern part of 
the Continent. When this second great ice 
sheet melted, the climate became somewhat as 
it is at present. As the last ice sheet melted, 
the Arctic animals which had been forced south 
by the cold—as the caribou in Kentucky, and 
the muskox in New Jersey and on the banks of 
the Ohio River—followed the ice northward. 
As the temperature grew warmer and warmer, 
two species of elephants, a peccary and a great 
sloth, followed the mild climate and lived on 
the headwaters of the Ohio and in the Dela¬ 
ware Valley, and in fact, probably all across the 
Continent, for bones of elephants practically un¬ 
changed in constitution are found among the 
foothills of the Rocky Mountains. 
No doubt the early Americans subsisted in 
part on some of these animals, but evidence of 
this is lacking. 
A Woman in the Woods 
By MARIE S. LIMBURG 
1 HAVE never experienced anything so ex¬ 
hilarating as tramping through the woods 
in search of game. Whether it is in the 
darkness that comes just before sunrise, or in 
the full light of the day, there is a fascination 
about it that sends the blood rushing through 
your veins and makes you feel glad that you are 
alive. 
There is no reason why a woman should not 
go hunting; that is, any woman who enjoys out¬ 
door life. For the past two years I have gone 
with my husband to New Brunswick to hunt 
moose and I have enjoyed every minute of these 
journeys. 
It is not a hard trip. We left New York at 
one o’clock, reaching Boston at six, and Fred- 
erickton the next morning at 10:30. There a 
team was waiting for us, and taking our three 
steamer trunks with us, we drove directly to 
our guide’s, Harry Allen's, house in Penniac, a 
distance of ten miles. 
The road was good and the horses fast, so 
we enjoyed the ride after a night on the train. 
At Harry Allen’s we had dinner, and then un¬ 
packed two trunks, changing into our hunting 
clothes and putting the sleeping bags and 
blankets into bags to be packed in the wagon. 
The other trunk we took into camp with us. 
At 2-30 we were on the road again, this time 
in a farm wagon without springs. And in spite 
of the fact that we soon left the regular road 
and drove across fields and through woods over 
a road that we only knew was a road because 
there was no tree in the middle of it, with the 
aid of two air cushions we were very comfort¬ 
able. Men reading this may smile and say, 
"Oh, women hunting must have cushions,” but 
the next time you go hunting take along one 
of the little air cushions they use in the bottom 
of a canoe and see how often it comes in handy. 
We arrived at Bear Brook Camp before dark 
and decided to stay there over night, as Clair 
Brook Camp was still ten miles away. As 
these camps all belong to Harry Allen, and are 
stocked with food, we managed supper and 
breakfast very easily without unloading very 
much stuff from the wagon. 
At eight the next morning we were off again 
with the worst of the drive still before us. But 
oh. how beautiful were the woods! The sudden 
frosts they had there at night changed the 
leaves to brilliant crimson, yellow and deep 
orange, and between were the dark green pines. 
It was a perfect riot of color. Then early in 
the morning the cobwebs were still on the 
bushes, with the dewdrops shining like dia¬ 
monds in the sun. It was not until eleven 
o’clock that we reached Clair Brook Camp, 
where we were to stay two weeks. It was very 
comfortable. There was a log cabin for my 
husband and myself and one for the guides and 
the cook. Altogether our trip from New York 
to camp had not taken us quite two days. 
Sometimes my husband and I hunted to¬ 
gether, sometimes he went with his guide and 
I with mine. As soon as the calling season 
opened we were up before daylight, and after 
a cup of coffee we would steal off to some 
place a mile or two from camp and call. Mv 
favorite place was the deadwater where the 
brook broadened out into a miniature lake. 
The water was so still that it reflected, like a 
mirror, the ferns and the bushes, even the 
clouds in the sky. There the moose liked to 
come and wade and drink, and there alone 
during our two weeks’ stay we saw six cows 
and three bulls. 
By nine we were home for breakfast, and such 
a breakfast! What wouldn’t we give for an ap¬ 
petite like that in the city. Then off we would! 
go again, taking our lunch with us and some¬ 
times not even returning to our camp before 
going to some place to call before sunset. Then 
that fascinating walk home in the dark. 
One morning with my guide, Grant, I crept 
quietly down to the deadwater to call. It was 
getting daylight and the clouds in the sky were 
turning pink and then fiery red. A bird, 
chirped, then another and another until there was 
a regular chorus around us. Through his horn 
Grant gave a few grunts and then a whine, 
then we held our breath to listen. Again he 
gave a whine, and this time we thought we 
heard a grunt in answer. We did not move a 
muscle, we hardly breathed until we heard an¬ 
other grunt, distinctly this time. We waited 
a long time, but not another was heard. Grant 
tried another whine; he even let the end of his 
horn move in the water as if a moose were 
wading, but we could hear nothing more. Then 
when we had almost given up hope of seeing 
that moose, he suddenly appeared among the 
bushes and trees about seventy yards to one 
side of us. Grant whispered to shoot as the 
bull had probably seen us, and would come no 
nearer. It was a hard shot, as by that time all 
I could see were his hindquarters, but I fired 
and probably hit him, for he limped away. 
With a jump we were after him, through 
swamp and brush, our excitement making us in¬ 
different to where we stepped, until we lost 
sight of him. Then we stopped and waited, 
hoping he would lie down somewhere if not 
pursued. After waiting a while we traced him, 
here by a footprint, there by a broken branch, 
now to lose the trail, now to find it again. For 
two hours we searched every bit of ground, but 
the moose was gone and we had to return to 
camp without the glory for which we had been 
so anxious. Indeed of the two I think Grant 
was more disappointed than I, as we had taken 
two heads home the year before and my hus¬ 
band had already gotten a very good head with 
a 47-inch spread. 
Altogether it is a wonderful way of spending 
a few weeks, with perfect rest and enough ex¬ 
ercise and excitement to make the time pass 
quickly. Every woman who has the chance to 
make such a trip, should grab it, and I am sorry 
for those who have not the chance. 
