Sept. 9, 1911.] 
FOREST AND STREAM. 
405 
666 tons; 1910. 1,601 tons. The output for 1911 
is estimated at 2,230 tons. It is thought a total 
crop of 30,000 tons will be realized in 1920. 
Trinidad and Tobago are among the latest 
producers of rubber. In recent years Dominica 
has been extensively planted with rubber. Ger¬ 
man, as well as British East Africa is fast be¬ 
coming a factor in the world’s supply, together 
with Uganda, while in Mexico tapping has been 
going for years. On one plantation (La 
Zacualpa) there are nearly 4,000,000 trees (of 
the Castilloa variety). 
Although the total quantity of rubber ex¬ 
ported from Uganda since 1902 has amounted 
to only 467,040 pounds, valued at $250,000, this 
was derived chiefly from vines. Ceara was in¬ 
troduced in 1902, and has been found a valu¬ 
able addition to the country’s resources. Three- 
year-old trees yield an average of 30 ounces of 
dry rubber per annum, while 8-year-old trees 
yield 19 ounces in months. Tapping is on 
the “half herringbone” system, every alternate 
day, to a height of 4 feet. Para was introduced 
in 1901, and makes excellent growth; an 8-year- 
old tree attained a growth of 35 inches, and 
yielded i6)4 ounces of dry rubber in 107 tap¬ 
pings. 
JUNGLE BEASTS. 
One of the most interesting speakers at a 
recent dinner, says the Springfield Republican, 
was a friend of Mayor Lathrop, Ralph Earn- 
shaw, of Burma, India. Mr. Earnshaw has 
been in India for the last fourteen years as resi¬ 
dent manager for an English company engaged 
in the teakwood business. He is a decidedly 
modest man for one who has under his con¬ 
trol from 2,000 to 3,000 native laborers and 500 
working elephants. Mr. Earnshaw described 
the process of obtaining teakwood and related 
some thrilling incidents of his encounters with 
the wild animals of India. 
Teakwood, he said, is a hardened wood and 
does not contract when wet and is used ex¬ 
tensively in the flooring of battleships. The 
British government has the oversight of the 
forest land and when a tree is 120 years old is is 
girdled and later is cut down. These trees grow 
on the hills usually at an elevation of 3,000 feet. 
The elephants are used to a large extent be¬ 
cause they can make their own road. The gov¬ 
ernment has the oversight of their capture, 
which usually involves 350 men and often con¬ 
siderable danger. Mr. Earnshaw said that the 
elephant is by no means a dangerous beast and 
that they are trained to kneel, push with the 
foot or push with their body by oral command. 
The average elephant can be worked for ten 
years and the tamed animals live only about 
forty-five years, whereas in a wild state an ele¬ 
phant often lives to the age of 120 years. The 
price of elephants has increased since Mr. 
Earnshaw went to India to such an extent that 
a female that could be purchased for $500, four¬ 
teen years ago, now costs $2,000. Personally he 
has purchased 86 of these animals during the 
last year. Their age is determined by the rolls 
of their ears and this is an important factor in 
the purchase of an elephant. They are harnessed 
with a harness made of bark and chain and on 
a hill will drag one ton and on the level two 
and a half tons. 
Mr. Earnshaw, who has been the official slayer 
of man-killing elephants in the section around 
Burma for the last ten years, related several ac¬ 
counts of his experiences with these animals, 
also close encounters with other wild beasts, 
including a thrilling account of an encounter 
with, a python some 25 feet long. He managed 
to kill the reptile with his revolver after it had 
coiled itself around his body and was beginning 
to draw it in the death crush. 
Mr. Earnshaw says that many of the stories 
told by hunters of big game do not ring true, 
as he. asserts, after an experience of several 
years in killing panthers and other animals, the 
average wild beast in India is not dangerous, 
as it seldom attacks a man. He has slept in the 
jungle at night in a tent, and, although the 
woods have resounded with cries he has been un¬ 
disturbed. 
The finest cocktail in 
the world—less the 
trouble of preparing it. 
Accept no substitute. 
Martini (gin base) and Man¬ 
hattan {whiskey base) are the 
most popular. At 
all good dealers. 
G. F. HEIJBLEIN & BRO., Sole Props. 
HARTFORD NEW YORK LONDON 
FISHERMEN NEED DIXON’S GRAPHITE 
" n^^S^^^tj^j^ofJerrules, tangling of line 
and is good for reelsr--iTisMFm^!Bg 5 d^E=-^et 
free sample and booklet P-52. 
JOSEPH DIXON CRUCIBLE CO.. 
JERSEY C 
N. J. 
Hunting Without a Gun, 
And other papers. By Rowland E. Robinson. With 
illustrations from drawings by Rachael Robinson. 
Price, $2.00. 
This is a collection of papers on different themes 
contributed to Forest and Stream and other pub¬ 
lications, and now for the first time brought together. 
FOREST AND STREAM PUBLISHING CO. 
FETCH AND CARRY 
By B. Waters 
Tells minutely of the methods by which a dog, young 
or old, willing or unwilling, may be taught to retrieve 
either by the force or "natural” system. Cloth, illus¬ 
trated, 124 pages. Postpaid, $1.00. 
FOREST AND STREAM PUBLISHING CO. 
Book Exchange. 
Advertisements of old books which are out of print, 
or of second-hand books, for sale, exchange or wanted, 
will be inserted in Forest and Stream at 20 cents a line. 
There are about 7 words to the line, and 14 agate lines 
to the inch. 
OUR FANCY PIGEONS, and Rambling Notes of a 
Naturalist. By Geo. Ure. Published 1886. Cover soiled. 
Price, $1.25. Sale price, 60 cents. Address Box 27, care 
Forest and Stream Pub. Co. 
WANTED. 
Coues Furbearing Animals, Washington, D. C. 
Caton’s Antelope and Deer of America. 
Schultz’s My Life as an Indian. 
Apply, with price, W. G. D., care Forest and Stream 
Publishing Company. 
A few copies left of the following books: 
SHORE BIRDS —Six papers reprinted from Forest 
and Stream. Paper. 45 pages. Price, 15 cents. 
SOME NATIVE BIRDS FOR LITTLE FOLKS— 
By Dr. W. Van Fleet. Illustrated. Cloth. 146 pages. 
With 14 photogravure plates. Price, 50 cents. 
POREST AND STREAM PUBLISHING CO. 
brings real pleasure to the 
sportsman cook. Adds fine 
flavor, richness and digesti¬ 
bility to his cooking. And 
good cooking adds so much 
pleasure to the life out of-doors. 
See that Borden’s Evaporated 
Milk is in your outfit. 
BORDEN’S CONDENSED MILK CO. 
“Leaders of Quality” 
Est. 1857 NEW YORK 
Summer Time 
Brings so much of the 
out-of-doors 
Borden’s 
Evaporated 
peerless 
1V111& BRAND 
The 
Putman 
Boots 
The 
World's 
Standard 
We have made boots for Sportsmen, Prospectors, &c., 
longer than any other boot makers and know how. 
Putman Boots are worn all over the world. 
Complete catalogue of over 100 styles of 
Boots, Moose-Hide and Oil Tanned Moc¬ 
casins, and self-measurement blanks sent 
free. Our goods are all made to measure 
and some of our styles will just suit your 
requirements. 
Ask for Catalogue. 
H. J. PUTMAN & CO., 
113 Fifth St., N. E., 
Minneapolis, Minn. 
USE GREAT ENGLISH REMEDY 
BLAIR’S PILLS 
SAFE. EFFECTIVE. 50c. &$1.00 
DRUGGISTS, or 93 HenrySt., Brooklyn, N. 
