October, ’24] hayes and mccolloch: biology of anomala kansana 
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Table II— The Length of the Egg Stage of Anomala Kansana 
Year 
Number 
Maximum 
Minimum 
Average 
of eggs 
days 
days 
days 
1920 
5 
15 
13 
14.6 
1921 
486 
19 
9 
12.6 
1922 
40 
16 
9 
13.9 
1923 
101 
17 
9 
11.9 
Total extremes and average 
632 
19 
9 
12.2 
behind the head. The head is tan colored and the body creamy-white in 
color. 
The larvae began hatching in 1921 on June 27; in 1922 on June 24, 
and in 1923 on July 9. The first molt occurred from 12 to 36 days after 
hatching with an average period for the first instar of 20.5 days for 69 
cases observed. The second molt occurred the same season from 
four to as many as 52 days after the first molt. For 46 molts observed, 
the average period of the second instar was 16.8 days. The winter is 
passed in the third larval instar, which varied from 285 to 311 days, 
with an average of 301.6 days for 21 cases. Prepupation begins in late 
May and early June, having been noted to occur as early as May 28 
and as late, in an extreme case, as July 1. The prepupal stage for 22 
grubs reared from egg to pupation varied from three to seven days with 
an average of 4.1 days. For 83 grubs reared from collections made in the 
field, the average was 4.02 days, with extremes of two to 16 days. The 
average for the two groups was 4.06 days. 
The total length of the larval stage, including the prepupal stage, was 
noted for 23 individuals and found to average 336.3 days, with a mini¬ 
mum period of 322 days and a maximum period of 345 days. The 
length of the larval stage from hatching to prepupation was noted in 20 
instances where extremes of 280 to 308 days were observed, with an aver¬ 
age of 298.3 days. These data are summarized in Table III. 
Table III— The Length of the Larval Stage of Anomala kansana 
Period 
Number of 
Maximum 
Minimum 
Average 
individuals 
days 
days 
days 
Hatching to first molt 
69 
36 
12 
20.5 
First molt to second 
46 
53 
4 
16.8 
Second molt to prepupa 
20 
308 
280 
298.3 
Second molt to pupa 
21 
311 
285 
301.6 
Prepupa to pupa 
105 
16 
2 
4.06 
Total larval stage 
23 
345 
322 
336.3 
