December, ’24] 
APICULTURAL NOTES 
683 
Apiculture in Cornell University; Mr. George S. Demuth, editor of Gleanings in Bee 
Culture; Mr. Robert Dumn, art editor of Farm and Fireside; Mr. M. S. Smith, re¬ 
habilitation worker in beekeeping at the University of Indiana; and Mr. Ph. J. 
Baldensperger, the French delegate to the recent International Apicultural Congress 
at Quebec. 
Mr. Baldensperger has an international reputation as an authority on beekeeping, 
especially as to races of bees. He has had an exceptional opportunity to make inves 
tigations along this line, both because of extensive travels in northern Africa in quest 
of native races of bees and because of many years of experience in beekeeping in 
Palestine and France. As a result of his experience with many different races, Mr. 
Baldensperger believes that a certain race native to the Sahara, which he calls the 
Saharan race, is equal to or better than any other race he has dealt with. Mr. Balden¬ 
sperger is also editor of the Bulletin de la Societe d'Apiculture des Alpes Maritimes, 
besides being known as a writer on archaeology and affairs dealing with Palestine. 
During his visit in Washington he delivered lectures at the Bee Culture Laboratory, 
at the Rhode Island Avenue Presbyterian Church, and before the Biological Society 
of Washington. 
The paper by Dr. A. P. Sturtevant of the Bee Culture Laboratory, of the Bureau 
of Entomology entitled “The Development of American Foulbrood in Relation to its 
Causative Organism,” appeared in a recent issue of the Journal of Agricultural Re¬ 
search. According to Doctor Sturtevant the larval intestine before the seventh day 
contains so large a percentage of reducing sugar as to inhibit the growth of Bacillus 
larvae. By the seventh day, however, the concentration of this sugar becomes re¬ 
duced sufficiently to allow active growth of Bacillus larvae. This explains why Ameri¬ 
can foulbrood occurs for the most part only during the later stages of larval develop¬ 
ment. 
Acarapis woodi is being found to be more widely distributed than was generally 
believed at first. It has now been found in apiaries of the German-speaking portion 
of Switzerland, as well as around Salsburg, Austria. Dr. Enoch Zander, of Germany, 
who examined the latter outbreak on the spot during the past summer, states that 
it is far from being a sporadic occurrence. Doctor Zander recently published a com¬ 
parison of the disease caused by Acarapis woodi and that caused by Nosema apis. 
Speaking for conditions in Europe he says that these two parasites cause losses which 
are out of all comparison to those caused by brood diseases. Doctor Zander, it will 
be recalled, was the first to describe the protozoan causing the Nosema disease. 
Owing to the discovery of Acarapis woodi in adjacent central European countries, 
Germany has followed the lead of the United States in prohibiting the importation 
of bees whether on combs or not. The importation of used hives is also prohibited. 
Mr. L. M. Bertholf, who was engaged in a study of the development of the honey¬ 
bee larvae at the Bee Culture Laboratory of the Bureau of Entomology, has resigned 
his temporary appointment to accept a position as Instructor in Biology at the West¬ 
ern Maryland University. He is also continuing graduate work at Johns Hopkins 
University. 
All those interested in beekeeping who attend the coming meeting of the American 
Association of Science at Washington are invited to visit the Bee Culture Laboratory 
of the Bureau of Entomology on Tuesday, December 30. At this time the various 
phases of the work now being conducted at the Laboratory will be fully demonstrated. 
