274 
JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 
[Vol. 17 
operations. With the former varieties it is sometimes a difficult prob¬ 
lem, especially when scab is active, to spray the trees thoroly and not 
cause a certain amount of injury. However, more attention to such 
details on the part of the grower can hardly fail to be of considerable 
benefit. 
The addition of calcium caseinate to lime-sulfur tended to more even 
distribution of the spray, and apparently reduced to some extent both 
“spray burns’’and russeting. Its actual value for these purposes as well 
as its influence on the insecticidal efficiency of standard insecticides 
should receive further consideration. 
Mr. William Moore : I would like to ask what time of day the spray¬ 
ing was done. 
Mr. P. J. Parrott: The dusting was all done in the morning. 
Mr. William Moore: You didn’t notice any different burning from 
lime sulphur in the middle of the day? 
Mr. P. J. Parrott: No. 
Vice-President S. B. Fracker: The next paper is by L. A. Steams 
and W. vS. Hough. 
SPREADER TESTS ON APPLES AND PEACHES: A 
SECOND REPORT 
/ 
By L. A. Stearns and W. S. Hough, Virginia State Crop Pest Commission 
Abstract and Conclusions 
The efficacy of a casein spreader (Kayso) in the commonly recommended sprays 
for apple and peach has been studied for the second season. These sprays, with and 
without the spreader, were mixed by the writers and applied by the regular orchard 
force. 
The second season’s results parallel those of the first year’s work. There is no 
indication that the incorporation of the spreader with the usual sprays influenced 
the protection of the fruit from insects and diseases. The conclusion is that the use 
of a casein spreader (Kayso) in the apple and peach sprays under orchard conditions 
in Virginia is not justified from the standpoints of effectiveness and economy. 
In 1922, an investigation was commenced by the writers with the 
thought that since it had been shown under laboratory conditions that 
certain materials appear to influence the spreading and adherence of 
sprays it was equally desirable to demonstrate their effectiveness and 
economy in orchard practice. The spreader tests on apples and peaches 
discussed herein are a continuation of this study on which a preliminary 
