276 
Table 1 
JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 
[Vol. 17 
Results of Tests with Casein Spreader on Apples, Grimes Golden, 
Gang and Rome Beauty Varieties, Leesburg, Virginia, 1923 
Type of Injury 
Plot 1, 13,527 Apples 
Regular Treatment- 
No Spreader 
Plot 2, 15,601 Apples 
Regular Treatment 
With Casein Spreader 
1-1K-200 
No. 
Percent 
No. 
Percent 
Codling Moth . . . 
Oriental Moth . . . 
131 
.97 
163 
1.04 
Leaf Roller. 
Bud Moth. 
163 
1.20 
206 
1.32 
Curculio. 
276 
2.04 
363 
2.33 
Aphis. 
354 
2.62 
827 
5.30 
AVarting Scars. . 
1075 
7.95 
952 
6.10 
Scab. 
689 
5.09 
583 
3.74 
Cedar Rust. 
Black Rot. 
75 
.55 
79 
.51 
Bitter Rot. 
36 
.27 
38 
.24 
Spray Burn. 
528 
3.90 
612 
3.92 
Plot Averages. . . 
2.73 
2.72 
Table 2. Results of Tests with Casein Spreader on Apples, Stayman-Wine- 
sap Variety, Winchester, Virginia, 1923 
Plot 1 
Plot 2 
Plot 3 
Plot 4 
c 
1,087 Apples 
4,636 Apples 
Regular 
3,663 Apples 
Regular 
Treatment 
3,570 Apples 
Regular 
Treatment 
Type of Injury 
Unsprayed 
Treatment 
No Spreader 
with Casein 
Spreader 
2-200 
With casein 
Spreader 
3-200 
No. % 
No. % 
No. % 
No. % 
Codling Moth.... 
1656 79.34 
1235 26.64 
888 24.24 
1042 29.19 
Leaf Roller. 
18 .86 
13 .28 
7 .19 
27 .75 
Curculio. 
15 .71 
34 .73 
28 .76 
18 .50 
Sooty Blotch. 
495 23.23 
102 2.20 
176 4.80 
44 1.23 
Plot Averages.... 
26.04 
7.46 
7.50 
7.97 
From the results in Tables 1 and 2, it is evident that the sprays 
without the spreader gave equally as efficient protection to the fruit as 
the sprays with the spreader added. In no case does the difference in 
the average amount of injury in the several plots exceed one percent. 
It was concluded from the previous season’s work that Nicotine 
Sulphate 40% (Black Leaf 40) and casein (Kayso), as used were un¬ 
congenial. In this connection, attention is called especially to the 
^Miscellaneous insect injuries of a character which made immediate determina¬ 
tions at the time of grading doubtful were for convenience grouped under the heading, 
“warting scars.” 
