April, ’24] DELONG & MATHEWSON: HOUGHTON GOOSEBERRY APHIS 297 
had attained any size. Although the galls soon appear on all parts of 
the plant, they are especially abundant on the new young canes which 
are only a few inches above the ground. The wingless females continue 
to give birth to living young and form new galls until about May 17, 
when the winged females appear and begin migrating. This migratory 
period continues for three or four weeks at the end of which time no 
aphids could be found in the galls. For about three weeks scarcely an 
aphid could be found on the gooseberry plants. During the latter 
part of June the young aphids were again found on the gooseberries 
forming galls upon laterals and terminals. A series of wingless 
generations was then produced throughout the summer and autumn. 
During this time at least eight generations were observed and these 
continued to produce galls which practically covered the plants. This 
rapid multiplication continues until late October when a second winged 
generation is produced upon the gooseberry which either deposits the 
overwintering eggs or produces wingless females which deposit them. 
In some cases where winged females were confined to cages, eggs were 
deposited on the canes and no wingless forms could be found. On the 
other hand mounted winged females seem to exhibit wingless forms 
within the body. The writers are therefore in doubt regarding this 
point. Deposition of these eggs continues in the field until November 
25th (1923). 
In view of these rather brief life history notes, certain conclusions 
are quite obvious. First, the insect can and normally does live upon the 
gooseberry throughout the entire growing season in injurious numbers. 
Second, two winged generations are produced annually on the goose¬ 
berry, the autumn generation apparently depositing the overwintering 
eggs on the same food plant. Third, although the insect may have an 
alternate food plant upon which it spends a portion of its life cycle, all 
evidence points to a change in the specific plant of the same host only, 
and not to a change of alternate hosts during the winged stage. 
Natural Enemies and Control 
The only natural enemies that have been found during this study 
were the larvae of some of the smaller syrphid flies. They were present 
during a part of the summer in sufficient numbers to interfere seriously 
with breeding work. At certain times during the summer these larvae 
were so abundant that only a few aphids could be found on examination 
of a large number of galls. At other times the aphids were very abund¬ 
ant and the natural enemies quite scarce. Because of this fluctuation 
