April, ’24] 
smith: forage looper 
319 
especially Nabis sp. and Sinea diadema (Fabr.) were often observed to 
feed on small larvae and it is believed that they are the most important 
of the predacious enemies. 
Artificial Control 
During these observations, artificial control has never been necessary. 
It was observed in fields and cage experiments, however, that most 
larvae perish when the crop is mowed. The larvae may be killed by 
the heat in twenty minutes to an hour, during the hottest part of the 
summer. Generally, however, the larvae begin to migrate from the 
field and perish from heat, starvation, or are picked up by predacious 
enemies. 
Late fall and early spring plowing of infested clover fields recommend¬ 
ed by, several writers is scarcely practicable in alfalfa growing. 
Bibliography of the More Important References to This Species 
Blackmore, E. H. New Lepidoptera from British Columbia. Can. Ent., 1920, 
52:266-271, pi. X. 
Comstock, John Henry, and Comstock, Anna Botsford. A Manual for the. 
Study of Insects. 15th Ed., 1917, (Reference p. 299). 
Davis, G. C. Insects of the Clover Field. Mich. Agri. Exp. Sta. Bui. 116, 1894, 
pp. 41-64, 11 figs. 
French, G. H. Preparatory Stages of Drasteria erechtea Cramer. Papilio 1884, 
4:148-149. 
Garman, H. Observations and Experiments on Clover, Alfalfa and Soy Beans. 
Ky. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bui. 125, 1906, pp. 37-61. (Reference on page 45). 
Gossard, H. A. Fall Manual of Practice in Economic Zoology. Ohio Agr. Exp 
Sta. Bui. 233, 1911, pp. 53—170. (Reference on page 80). 
McDunnough, J. On the Types of Certain Noctuid Genera Occurring in North 
America. Ent. News, 1916. 27: 393-400. (Reference p. 399). 
O’Kane, .Walter C. The Northern Grass Worm ( Drasteria erechtea Cram.). 
In Injurious Insects, 1912, p. 179. 
Osborn, H., and Gossard, H. A. Some Iowa Clover Insects, Bui. 15, Iowa Agri. 
Exp. Sta., 1891, pp. 258-273, 3 figs. (Reference 262-263). 
Parker, H. L. Feeding Habits of Sinea diadema Fab. (Het). Ent. News, 1916. 
27:280-281. 
Pettit, R. H. Insects of Field Crops. Mich. State Agri. Exp. Sta. Bui. 258, 1910. 
36-89 (Reference p. 41). 
Riley, C. V. Fourth Report of the U. S. Ent. Com., being a revised edition of Bui. 
No. 3, and the final report on the cotton worm, Washington, 1885 (Feb. 3, 1886), 
pp. 38-399-147, 45 figs., 64 ph, 2 maps. 
Saunders, W. On Some of our commn Insects, Drasteria erechtea Cram. Can. 
Ent., June 1875, v. 7, 115-117, fig. 12. 
Slingerland, M. V. Drasteria erechtea , Ent. News, 1892, 3:63. 
Slingerland, M. V. Drasteria erechtea, Insect Life, 1892, 5:87-88. 
Walsh, B. D., and Riley, C. V. Insects named. Amer. Ent., June 1869, 1:206. 
Webster, F. M. Notes on the Development of Drasteria erechtea (Cramer) Jour. 
N. Y. Ent. Soc., 1898, 6:27-32, Pis. IV and V. 
