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redescribed the species. He proposed the name pyrivora to be used if 
nigra is really a lost species or if the species in America should prove to be 
different from that in Europe. The name pyrivora is now used to desig¬ 
nate the species in Europe and America. 
There is some infestation by the pear midge at Ithaca, New York 
and on May 26, 1922, several badly infested trees were found. At that 
time the larvae were nearly all grown and some of them had already left 
the fruits. There were a good many fruits on the ground with larvae in 
them and many of the fruits remaining on the trees were also infested. 
When infested the fruits have black spots and holes on the outside and 
become hollow and discolored on the inside and are soft. Some of the 
fruits also become somewhat elongated and occasionally are found to be 
entirely black and decayed. 
Pears were collected from the infested trees and from the grotmd 
under the trees. The larvae were found to be very numerous in the 
fruits. Two average sized selected fruits collected May 17 and ex¬ 
amined May 18 yielded 18 and 37 larvae respectively. 
On the evening of May 26, 1922 over a hundred pear midge larvae 
were obtained from the infested fruits collected that day and were 
placed in individual vials and salve boxes. The following interesting 
characteristic was noted. When crawling along or lying on a horizontal 
surface the larva would draw up its anterior and posterior ends close 
together until its body was in the form of an arch. Then it would let go 
like a spring and the larva would throw itself quite a distance in this way. 
One larva jumped one and one-fourth inches in one jump and another 
jumped one and one-half inches in one jump. A third larva jumped two 
and one-half inches in one jump and in a little while this same third 
larva jumped two inches in another jump. A fourth larva was noted to 
jump to the height of one and one-fourth inches. This jumping char¬ 
acteristic has been reported by other writers. 
On August 30, 1922, soil was collected from under a pear tree the fruit 
of which was infested in the spring. Some of this soil was examined and 
four cocoons of the pear midge were found. 11 is evident that the cocoons 
are formed from one-half to one inch beneath the surface as only the very 
thin top layer of soil was collected for examination. The cocoons were 
pale colored and eliptical in shape. The cocoons were examined and it 
was found that the insect was still in the larval stage. 
Time of Pupation :—There seems to be some uncertainty among 
writers as to the time of pupation of the pear midge. 
The specimens on which this study is based were collected May 26, 
