FOREST AND STREAM 
115 
in 45 minutes. One man was kept busy taking 
the fish off the hook as Peifer pulled them in. 
The lake is owned by the state and game war¬ 
dens are in charge the year round. They furnish 
bait of all descriptions as well as boats. Fish¬ 
ermen dare not build fires near the lake although 
they are allowed to fish either day or night. The 
nearest place that sleeping quarters can be se¬ 
cured is seven miles from the lake. Its ideal 
surroundings are making it the mecca for local 
sportsmen. 
A Rhode Island red chicken with four legs 
and a very lively peep is a curiosity at the hen¬ 
nery of Philip Dunn at Berwick. The second 
pair of legs are smaller than those that are where 
the trotters ought to be. The extra set are 
growing about two inches back of the first pair. 
The Mt. Carmel-Muncy Fishing Club has gone 
to Muncy to put in several weeks angling for 
trout and bass. Those who make up the party 
are: Elmer Delcamp, Elmer Umlauf, William 
Umlauf, Joy Tisher, Howard Klinger, Anthony 
Neary, William Williams, George Delcamp, Wil¬ 
liam Shiveley, Corey Engle, William Engle, Tho¬ 
mas Umlauf and Calvin Stein. 
People in the Canadensis section in the heart 
of the Pocono game section of Pennsylvania are 
watching with great interest the scrap between 
J. Personeni, a wealthy New Yorker who owns 
a fine estate of 1,500 adres in that portion of 
the state, and the state game commission, of 
which Dr. Joseph Kalbfus is secretary. Not 
long since the manager of the farm, who was 
born in Italy and has not become a citizen of the 
United States, was held up by Game Wardens 
William Anneman, of Scranton, and James G. 
Geary, of Slatington. They took away three 
guns from the manager. Personeni appealed to 
Dr. Kalbfus, then to the National Rifle Associa¬ 
tion, then to the Italian ambassador at Washing¬ 
ton, and now is using the newspapers to air his 
opinion of Dr. Kalbfus, who stands by his war¬ 
dens in the enforcement of the state law that 
no alien may own, carry or use a firearm. 
NATURAL TROUT WATERS. 
A large portion of the lakes and ponds situat¬ 
ed in the upland and mountainous regions of the 
State of New York were natural trout waters; 
holding both the lake and brook trout, but con¬ 
ditions have changed greatly in the last 50 years. 
The introduction of pickerel and black bass has 
eliminated trout from many ponds; changes in 
the water supply due to destruction of forests 
and prolonged drouths—all these have had their 
influence. It is encouraging to find that there 
are still many lakes in which the trout thrive 
and grow large and fat. I have seen splendid 
specimens of both lake and brook trout that 
would bear comparison with fish from any state 
in the Union. Many experiments in stocking 
with foreign trouts and even salmon have been 
tried. I know of one pond which is said to hold 
brook, lake, rainbow trout and landlocked sal¬ 
mon; but I have seen only the two species first 
named. This was and is perfect water for our 
native Fontinalis. It is usually poor policy to 
stock many varieties. If one specie becomes 
abundant and affords good sport it is well to 
rest satisfied. I have seen as fine brook trout 
as ever came out of the most remote wilderness; 
and heavy solid lake trout in splendid condition 
early in the season- We all know of the great 
success which has attended the introduction of 
the European trout into the larger streams, and 
the sport they have afforded during the past 
20 years; but no foreign trout should be intro¬ 
duced into spring water lakes that now hold Fon¬ 
tinalis of fine quality and great size. It seems 
impossible to get rid of pickerel even in small 
spring water lakes and the stocking of these 
with small trout can bring nothing but disap¬ 
pointment. I trust that the most may be made 
of our present advantages as every year the de¬ 
mand for good fishing becomes more imperative. 
It is a great pleasure to see fine trout, (al¬ 
though one would prefer to have a hand in 
catching them) ; and within a few weeks I have 
had the following specimens in my hands: Brook 
trout of 19 inches and brown trout of 19, 20, 
21 and 23 inches. The larger brook and lake 
trout were brought to me last season, but have 
been little fished for this year. It is easier to 
fish the nearest streams, where there is at least 
a fair chance of taking a big brown trout. I do 
not think that the average size has been as 
large as last year; but upon the whole sport has 
been fair. All these streams are visited by great 
numbers of anglers from at least half a dozen 
states and even the West is represented. We 
must make the best use of these waters and not 
think only of taking trout out. We must put 
some in. Good anglers have distributed many 
thousands of fingerling trout in 1913 and 1914. 
THEODORE GORDON. 
THE MANY MINDS OF MEN. 
The survival of man’s primitive wildness, 
which is termed the sporting instinct, exhibits 
itself in some forms that are not recognized as 
legitimate by those who arrogate to themselves 
the title of true sportsmen. Yet who shall say 
that they are not, since they have the authority 
of most ancient usage and are entered upon with 
as keen a zest by those who affect them as are 
the so-called legitimate methods by those who 
practice only them. Even the Cut-Off lake fish 
spearer and muskrat trapper—aye, even the frog 
catcher—find in the acquirement and exercise of 
skill an enjoyment quite distinct from the acqui¬ 
sition of gain, and as keen as that of the acknow¬ 
ledged trout angler or wild fowl shooter. 
They may have, too, their purely esthetic qual¬ 
ity, for it is possible that the wielder of the spear 
or pursuer of the frog may be as contemplative 
as the caster of the fly or the manipulator of the 
hammerless, and that a man may commune with 
nature as profitably while he sets a rat trap 
as when he draws on a swiftly flying canvas- 
back. His lines are cast in pleasant places in the 
delightful weather of late summer and through 
the fall and early winter, and he spends the 
golden hours of busy indolence with the winds 
and the birds for his most intimate associates. 
He has time and opportunity to observe the 
ways of wild things, and can hardly help grow 
into some accord with nature while he breathes 
the fragrance of her ripeness, hears the drowsy 
hum of the bees, the faint trickle of the spent 
rills, caught and lost amid the fitful stir of rice 
stalks and lily leaves, and the farewell notes 
of lingering singers. What his craft has trained 
his senses to catch, and much besides, he may 
use to a finer purpose than his own object. No 
man needs a keener eye than to read the signs 
of these cunning little habitants of the marsh, 
nor keener wits, and he must be quiet and 
stealthy, for his hunting grounds lie in devious 
places. 
For years and years now, the economical or¬ 
nithologists have been striving by a study of 
the food of different birds to determine what 
species are useful and what harmful to man. 
Much has been learned, but by no means all. In 
many cases, if not in all, the problem is a com¬ 
plex one, requiring deeper study than has yet 
been given it. 
At the same time it is clear, that the vast ma¬ 
jority of birds have a distinct service they per¬ 
form for man and that they perform that ser¬ 
vice well, and the work of bird protection now 
going on in our newspapers, schools and legis¬ 
latures cannot be applauded too highly. 
Comparatively few people realize of what re¬ 
markable speed dogs are capable. Some re¬ 
markable statistics in regard to this have been 
gathered by M. Dusolier, a French scientist. 
After pointing out the marvelous endurance 
shown by little fox terriers, who follow their 
masters patiently for hours while the latter are 
riding on bicycles or in carriages, he says that 
even greater endurance is shown by certain wild 
animals that are akin to dogs. 
Thus the wolf can run between fifty and sixty 
miles is one night, and an Arctic fox can do 
quite as well, if not better. Nansen met one of 
these foxes on the ice at a point more than sev¬ 
enty miles northwest of the Sanikow territory, 
which is 480 miles from the Asiatic coast. 
Eskimo and Siberian dogs can travel forty- 
five miles on the ice in five hours, and there is 
one case on record in which a team of Eskimo 
dogs traveled six and one-half miles in twenty- 
eight minutes. According to M. Dusolier, the 
speed of shepherd dogs and hunting dogs ranges 
from ten to fifteen yards a second. 
Foxhounds are extraordinarily swift, as is 
proved by the fact that a dog of this breed once 
beat a thoroughbred horse, covering four miles 
in six and one-half minutes, which was at the 
rate of nearly eighteen yards a second. Grey¬ 
hounds are the swiftest of all four-footed crea¬ 
tures, and their speed may be regarded as equal 
to that of carrier pigeons. English greyhounds, 
which are carefully selected and which are used 
for coursing in Nebraska and other states, are 
able to cover at full gallop a space between 
eighteen and twenty-three yards every second. 
Twenty years ago every -sportsman used Nos. 1, 
2 and 3 for ducks; o, 00, and No. 1 for geese. 
Ten years ago they used Nos. 3, 4 and 5 f° r ducks 
and Nos. 1 and 2 for geese. Five years ago from 
4s to 6s for ducks, and 2s and 3 s for geese. 
What do you find to-day? Nos. 6s and 7s for 
ducks and almost exclusively 4s for geese. It 
hasn't been a sudden change, or it might be less 
trustworthy. But a general reduction in the size 
of shot has been going on. For the past ten 
years I have used 6s exclusively for ducks, and 
in fact, almost everything else. Twenty-five years 
ago a man wouldn’t think of going duck hunting 
with anything but a No. 10 gun. Now thousands 
use 16s, and many of them 20 bores. 
The belief that frogs turn into -sorarail, that 
horsehairs become hair snakes, that barnacles 
breed brant, that eels spring from clams and 
that a dead greaser becomes a burro, are all in¬ 
teresting to the anthropologist as indicating a 
