564 
FOREST AND STREAM 
false motions, so that but a small proportion of 
the “rises” proved to be “strikes.” At one cast I 
“raked” a fish good and hard but the hold evi¬ 
dently tore out, for my cast came 'back to me 
empty when the strength of the rod was given 
to it. 
‘Within the space of a few minutes and within 
a yard or so of where this fish had been hooked 
and “raked” I hooked and killed a small trout 
about eight inches in length. As I took the fish 
in my hand, to disengage the fly and kill it, I 
noticed something wrong on its side just back of 
the gill opening. A closer examination revealed 
the astounding fact that the body cavity of the 
fish was torn open by a fresh wound sufficiently 
large to cause the stomach and other organs of 
the fish to protrude through the opening, and 
nearly half of the stomach was actually hanging 
on the outside of the fish’s body when it had 
struck my fly the second time and been hooked 
in the extreme end of its lips and been gathered 
in. I feel certain, from all the circumstances, 
that the wounded fish was .the same one that I 
had previously “raked,” and this incident seems 
to me to prove that this wound, which would 
have caused a fatal shock to a mammal or bird, 
did not produce sufficient pain or discomfort to 
the fish to make it suspend its active search for 
and seizure of food. 
The other similar incident which I referred to 
happened a number of years ago on the Uma¬ 
tilla, and in that case the fish was wounded in a 
slightly different part of its abdomen so that, in¬ 
stead of the stomach, the liver was hanging out¬ 
side the body when I took the trout in my hand 
to take it from the hook. 
C. IC. CRANSTON, 
Pendleton, Oregon. 
EAGLE KILLS IN BROADWAY. 
A big bird, variously asserted to be a bald- 
headed American eagle or an extraordinary 
large duck-hawk, swooped down over lower Man¬ 
hattan a few days ago, pinioned a fat pigeon 
in air near the post office, and then carried his 
quarry to the gargoyle that juts out over Broad¬ 
way from the southeast corner of the twenty- 
seventh story of the Woolworth Building. Here, 
within easy sound of the roar and clamor of the 
street, the big bird settled down contentedly for 
a couple of hours while he made a leisurely 
meal. Occupants of near-by office buildings were 
the first to spot the unusual visitor, and soon 
spy-glasses were trained upon him from dozens 
of windows. He could be seen distinctly, preen¬ 
ing his wings strutting about on the considerable 
ledge, and gnawing away at his prey. 
Expert opinion on the bird’s species was dis¬ 
tinctly divided. Some persons insisted that he 
was not an eagle, but a duck-hawk, which is 
the largest of all the hawk family and identical 
with the falcon used in the mediaeval sport of 
hawking. On the other hand, many declared he 
was far too big even for a duck-hawk, that he 
had white feathers on his skull, and was obviously 
a bald-headed eagle of the only species found 
in this section of the country. The bird that 
was the subject of all this debate seemed to be 
perfectly contented with his aerie. He would 
probably have spent the entire day there, with 
occasional sallies for luncheon and dinner, if 
some ubiquitous photographers had not disturb¬ 
ed his privacy. They made the mistake of trying 
to climb around the corner of the ledge in order 
to get a front view of him, instead of being 
contented with a sideways snapshot, and the 
big bird flew away. 
He sailed off across the post office and Park 
Row toward the Municipal Building, over which 
he hovered for a moment as if intending to 
alight, but finally he bore off to the eastward 
and disappeared in the haze over the lower East 
Side. If he was a duck-hawk he may have come 
from Long Island, just as readily as from the 
New Jersey hills or from the Highlands of the 
Pludson. But if he was an eagle, all the experts 
agreed that he could have come only from the 
region of the Storm King and the Dunderberg. 
At the American Museum of Natural History, 
it was said that, while eagles from the rugged 
country bordering the Hudson in the neighbor¬ 
hood of West Point had been known to come 
down the river as far as Riverside Drive and 
the Palisades in February, none had ever been 
A Chief Game Destroyer. 
known to appear so early in the fall. Nobody 
could recall the appearance of an eagle in the 
heart of the city. On the other hand, the Mu¬ 
seum’s ornithologists declared that duck-hawks 
and hen-hawks were not infrequent visitors at 
any and all times, being lured hither by the 
flocks of pigeons, which are fairly numerous in 
the downtown section. 
Old-timers who saw the bird remembered that 
fifteen or twenty years ago a flock of pigeons 
which frequented the Brooklyn Bridge were 
cleaned out by adventurous hen-hawks that flew 
in from Long Island and established temporary 
quarters on the high top of the masonry tower 
at the Brooklyn end. Pedestrians on the bridge 
became quite accustomed to the sight of the 
hawks, and for a time they were one of the 
sights of the city. But after the pigeons learned 
that the bridge was a dangerous perch for them, 
they stayed away, and the hawks were seen no 
more. 
WHY THE ARMY WORM? 
European war clouds did not appear more 
suddenly than the mobilization of the army worm 
all over the country this summer. Insects cost 
this country every year more than it would to 
maintain the United States army and navy in 
the field. The sudden appearance of the army 
worm in threatening numbers is only one of the 
many dangers of an outbreak of pests. Yet, in 
not giving the birds adequate protection we are 
firing on our own allies. For instance, when 
Mrs. Thrush gives a banquet to her relatives she 
presents a menu 
Spiders 
Angleworms 
Potato Beetle 
May Beetle 
Army Worm 
Codling Moth 
Cinch Bug 
Fruits and Berries 
like thi:: 
Snails 
Beetles 
Plum Curlico 
Corn Weevil 
Alfalfa Weevil 
Caterpillars 
Cutworm 
Appleworm 
Bugs 
Black Scale 
Dessert 
in Season 
Grasshoppers 
Ants 
Cloverleaf Weevil 
Squash Beetle 
Yellow Bear 
Cabbage Worm 
Seventeen-Year 
Locust 
Seeds of Weeds 
This menu card is taken from the researches 
of the U. S. Biological Survey and published by 
the Department of Agriculture. Nearly all the 
card is inimical to the crops. 
The members of the thrush family include 
the robin, bluebird, western and mountain blue¬ 
birds, Oregon robin. 
Two years ago in a southern city robins in 
the migratory period were sold in the markets 
at ten cents a dozen. In many of the northern 
states people evade the laws, which are none 
too strictly enforced, and kill the birds for food. 
Public welfare demands that a boarding place 
in the county jail be provided for all such.—Wall 
Street Journal. 
THE CAUSE AND EFFECT: RELATIVE TO 
GAME. 
A perhaps too fantastic theory but based on 
an excellent foundation. 
By E. C. Powell. 
There is always more or less discussion present 
in the various sporting magazines relative to the 
preservation of the larger game animals in the 
several important hunting districts throughout 
the United States; and particularly in Maine 
and the Adirondacks. Various causes, some 
more or less imaginary, are alleged as the rea¬ 
sons for the decrease, and in some places the 
almost complete extermination of the various 
species earnestly sought to he preserved by all 
true sportsmen; and many are the remedies prof¬ 
fered by those who apparently know what they 
are talking about, and by those who apparently 
do not know what they are talking about, and 
care less. The grand affect is, that the moose, 
elk, deer, bear, and other of our wily friends 
are on the decrease in alarming proportions in 
those placed upon which we look as their natural 
homes, and it urgently behooves us to ferret out 
and obliterate the causes. 
The popular reason is, and always has been, 
that the game does not get sufficient protection 
in the manner of close time. Another cause 
alleged is the terrific number of sportsmen who 
annually repair to the hunting grounds in the 
open season; and in support of such arguments, 
(Continued on page 576.) 
