APPENDIX. 
125 
by a low form of animal life, known as Coccidium tenellum, and we 
therefore speak of the disease as an intestinal coceidiosis. The white 
coloration of the fecal discharge, as in the two previous diseases, is due 
to excretions from the kidneys. In certain virulent forms of the disease 
the minute blood vessels on the inner portion of the intestinal wall burst, 
and the bleeding gives rise to a dark brown or even blackish coloration, 
which obscures the white effect of the uric acid. 
Treatment should begin with the administration of Epsom salts, mix¬ 
ing them in a mash and estimating from eight to fifteen chicks to one 
teaspoonful of the salts, according to age, size, and previous thriftiness. 
The drinking water should contain sulphate of iron (copperas) in the 
proportion of ten grains of the copperas to one gallon of water or enough 
permanganate of potash may be added to the drinking water, to give the 
water a claret-red color. The coops, feeding utensils, drinking vessels, 
and runs should be disinfected. As a preventive measure, incubators 
and brooders should be cleansed and disinfected, and, prior to incuba¬ 
tion, whether natural or artificial, the eggs should be dipped in ninety- 
five per cent alcohol or in a four per cent solution of some good coal-tar 
disinfectant. 
DISEASES AFFECTING MAINLY ADULT PHEASANTS. 
Roup .—Certain affections known as contagious catarrh, diphtheria, 
and roup, if, indeed, they be distinct diseases, generally group them¬ 
selves in the fancier’s mind under the one name, roup. The term diph¬ 
theria should not be used, because it belongs properly to that disease in 
the human family which is caused by a special bacillus which does not 
cause disease in birds. The other two names may represent two different 
stages of the same disease, a contagious inflammation of the mucous 
membranes of the eyes, nose, mouth, throat, gullet, or windpipe, which 
may express itself by a watery, sticky, bad-smelling secretion, or by the 
development of yellowish patches. 
In the treatment of these affections the first thing is to recognize the 
contagiousness and to isolate the sick birds. Disinfect the houses and 
ground. Make a mixture of peroxide of hydrogen and boiled water, 
equal parts; into this plunge the head of the affected bird. By means 
of a slender wire covered with a little absorbent cotton and dipped in 
this mixture clean out of the eye or scrape off the tongue and sides of 
the mouth all yellowish matter, and apply a four per cent solution of 
borax or boracic acid or the peroxide solution named above. Give all 
birds, sick and well, a dose of Epsom salts. Keep iron sulphate or per¬ 
manganate of potash in the drinking water. 
Enteritis. —Enteritis, as used in bird medicine, means inflammation of 
the intestines. While it may originate from cold, improper feeding, and 
