146 
DIFFERENT PARTIES IN NICARAGUA. 
Book I. 
In this hopeless state of federal affairs, the revolution 
of which I am going to speak in connexion with my last 
movements in Nicaragua, broke out at Leon.. 
As in the other States of Central America the parties in 
Nicaragua, though subordinate to the more general distinc- 
tions of which I have just traced the origin, had developed 
themselves according to certain local conditions. Here the 
aristocratic party, anti-federal as in all the States, had been 
called, by a popular name, the Timbucos, while the demo- 
crats had received the designation of Calandracas — the 
latter name derived, if I am not mistaken, from Calandra, 
the lark, meaning to express that the party was that of the 
poor who live like the birds of the fields. The former party 
had their head-quarters in the city of Granada, the latter 
in that of Leon, and thus the political division was of a 
sectional character. The Timbucos, therefore, in the re- 
cords of Nicaraguan events, have been often called the 
Granadinos, their antagonists the Leonese ; and as the 
most distinguished leader of the latter at the time of which 
I am going to speak more in particular, was Fruto Cha- 
morro, they assumed at that special period the name of 
the Chamorristas. The names Timbucos, Granadinos, 
and Chamorristas, therefore, are different appellations of 
the same party, which is the Nicaraguan fraction of what 
might most appropriately be called the conservative party 
of Central America. In 1849, while the liberals held the 
reins of government, the conservatives of Granada and Rivas 
made an attempt to wrest them from their hands by incit- 
ing an insurrection of the Indians. A man named Samoza, 
tcmala, 13 de Junio, 1851. As it is not 
the intention of the author to enter 
more deeply into the matter here, he 
contents himself with remarking that 
he published that interesting document, 
in its original Spanish, in a note to p. 449 
of the first volume of the German edition 
of the present work, ' Aus Amerika. 
Von Julius Frobel. Leipzig, 1857-1858.' 
