SHADE TREES AND EVERGREENS 
But many places are hilly, rolling or terraced, or 
have hollows and banks running through them. Here 
you must plan carefully just how you will arrange 
your trees. Make use of low ones and tall ones, 
broad ones and slim ones, according to the nature 
of the place they will stand in, and according to 
their relation to the rest of the planting. Use plenty 
of low Arborvitaes, Junipers, Hemlock and Spruces, 
as trees in hedge and as ground-cover. Use Privet 
for hedge when the hedge sets on lower ground than 
the paths, and Barberry when the hedge sets on 
higher ground; this because Barberry grows so 
thick right down to the bottom, while Privet lets 
the light through. Blue, White and Douglas 
Spruces grow very even, and get tall. Set them in 
low places. On higher ground set spreading trees, 
like White Pine, Norway Spruce, the Maples, 
Elm, Umbrella Tree and Walnut. Under these you 
may use smaller things. But the idea is to get a 
broken sky-line—to get away from straight and 
level regularity. In all these suggestions, evergreens 
are mentioned by name more often than shade 
trees, but it is only to show the type of tree, not 
that such a particular variety must be planted. 
Choose the trees that are suited to your conditions and 
that you like best. Arrange them so as to get the 
shade, the protection, and the effect you need. 
This picture shows you how Maples and other shade trees are trimmed 
in the nursery. The cultivation, root-pruning, etc., develop fibrous roots; 
while careful pruning, trimming and close, even planting insure straight 
trunks. You can’t get these features in wild trees. 
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