Bottom Board [inserted: May 19th, 1868] How to clean in o cold weather. see Bw B
Brood. When quite cool weather follows swarming the brood are apt to receive a fatal
chill. The hives must be well protected. Note Cultivator, Vol. 1847. 
Diseased Brood, extensive injury from. Note Cultivator 1847. Dzierzon can give
no remedy for foul brood. 
Warmth of sun. Would not the taking off the cover and exposing the bees in my hives to the
sun in pleasant spring days, aid in early breeding? The heat would do no harm
to the combs as they are kept from the sides [inserted: (sun must not shine on side combs)]. The hives might be closed when full
of warmth to retain it, and the admission of air should be small. I believe in this plan. 
Sun heat has a powerful effect in developing insect life, judicious admission of it, not too early in the
season, must be of advantage. A well protected hive, on the ordinary plan, does not feel the
early warmth so soon as a thin hive, when the changes are sudden and severe, this an advantage
but is it not sometimes the cause of late breeding. Would not my plan secure all the advantages
with none of the disadvantages of either?
Box. Made out of square to let the bottom board slant and save looks. 
Brood. Capping of. May 19th. Observed that the brood cells when viewed through a
microscope, had minute holes. Do they not answer to let in air to the young, its being
open does not exclude air. 
April 1, 1861
 (Bottom Board) A duplicate bottom board may be made as follows (Same plan
as used by me in 1850) Nail a bottom under front
thickness of hive and portico, also under back thickness but to project farther
out 1 inch for rear alighting board and place for ventilation stopper. Let
these pieces be beveled on their [inserted: inside] edges from the bottom. Let bottom board
be 1, 2, tongued and grooved. 1, 3, clamped. Let dimensions
be [crossed out: an] 1/10 inch less than the interior dimensions of hive. 
Let 3, 4, be built longer (movable, if you please) to hinge bottom board, so that it just comes
up to level of sides of hive. Have buttons one under front part other back,
to move on screw to hold bottom board up to its place. These buttons may be so
that one side holds up trough, when moved bottom board drops down 1/2 inch to give air. 
see B o first page