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Fumigation. May be easily done in my hives, the receptacle to make the
smoke should be placed in the box, below, the draft by [crossed out: opening] [inserted: covering over] one
of the holes [inserted: on top] with gauze will carry the smoke up. 
Effect on Bees. A little smoke before any important operation will make
the bees quiet, or rather indisposed to sting. Rag or paper smoke
should be used and never tobacco. Spunk or touchwood very good. Puff balls if it
is intended to stupefy them. Cotton says rags dipped in nitre will stupefy. 
Feb. 21, 1852. My dark cellar will be a good place for putting some burning
rags or paper, [crossed out: to] when smoke is necessary in any operation. 
The hives when fumigated may be set over a small box without top or bottom. 
In this way bees may be driven out by persons who are timid, but in reality
no smoke is at all necessary, a little sugar water for sprinkling them
will answer every purpose. 
March 15th, 1863. Mr. Olde German suggests bradding uprights of frames near their
top so that they cannot get close enough to crush bees (not to regulate
the distances between them). The brads should be reversed on my plan, should project 1/4 inch so
that same gauze as put them on front and rear answers, they could then never get nearer to each
other than 3/16th. These brads should be put so that they will set in openings of guide frames.