central combs have many empty cells for them to lie in so as to condense more than if they could
not get into cells - and have some well filled combs near them - and the bees will have the
right conditions for wintering as far as honey and position are concerned - It should be
remembered that wood is much colder than combs and that with movable frames in wooden
hives there is about 2/3rds more of wooden surface for dampness to condense upon - hence the
absolute necessity for a free escape of moisture - By corncobs, old woolen garments, straw
mats etc. this can be secured without any risk of too much heat being carried off from the
bees. [illegible] When there is upward ventilation the lower entrance may be almost closed - and thus no more
heat need be lost than when all is close above and [inserted: when] to prevent mould and dampness it is
necessary to leave a considerable opening below![illegible] Important - Conditions of success
for wintering - as regards movements of the bees - A globe or cube contracting or expanding
centrally from without inwards or from within outwards at will! 9th 30 degrees
 (10th) 30 degrees 49 degrees Raw wind - In P. M. was able to finish cutting of winter passages
arranging combs and uniting stocks - nearly a month late from absence East - Have
not seen in uniting either nuclei or stocks the first sign of quarreling this Fall!
and yet no precautions at all taken to prevent it - A few colonies have brood
 (11th) 27 degrees 13th - 24 degrees 58 degrees - Splendid day. (14th) 32 degrees 62 degrees Splendid Indian Summer
 (15th) 45 degrees 64 degrees Spendid Indian Summer (16th) 37 degrees 68 degrees Splendid Indian Summer
 (17th) 55 degrees
 (20th) 26 degrees 50 degrees The last week has been most beautiful Indian Summer
Today a colony with fertile queen killing its drones - Queen at intervals was removed
to preserve drones as late as possible. (21st) 28 degrees 50 degrees Beautiful weather - Rain very much
needed - streams very low - Bees evidently enjoy the long winter slots very much (22nd) 29 degrees 48 degrees
Cloudy P. M. with raw wind and appearance of rain. Last night a beautiful Liguraan
queen - large hatched in a small nucleus - eggs first noticed on the 7th - Queen removed on the 8th. 
Ice has formed nearly every night while she was developing - those eggs could not have been laid before the
6th (23rd) 24 degrees 48 degrees - Overcast most of the day (24th) 24 degrees 50 degrees - Splendid Indian
Summer day - perfectly clear and still - very little wind this month - very dry
 (25th) 28 degrees 54 degrees Splendid day - (26th) 28 degrees 56 degrees - Magnificent weather (27th) 29 degrees 55 degrees Glorious
Indian Summer - almost perfectly still - rain very much needed - Even in the small
nuclei the long slot winter passage enables the bees to resist these frosty nights wonderfully better
than without them - would rather trust bees to winter without them without any honey board, corncobs,
etc. than corncobs, etc. without them - (28th) 24 degrees 43 degrees - Cloudy - sour day - A beautiful young queen
reared in a quite small nucleus - Eggs first noticed on the 9th - queen removed on the 13th. (29th) 35 degrees 40 degrees
Sour - cloudy - an inch of snow fell last night - [illegible] Important! If new swarms will
work much better in proportion than old ones - and the nonswarming plan will yield
the most honey - then proceed as follows - After swarm has come out, dispose of queen
cells and have it in all or nearly all its old combs setting the whole concern in a
new place - so that they may act like a new swarm and yet have all their old strength
[illegible] cage or utilize a queen of another good stock - put bees in hive which has swarmed
and give their combs to the new swarm (30th) 35 degree 42 degrees Another B. Y. Q. from small
nucleus from which queen was taken on the 13th - about l6 1/2 days ago - The queens hatched
in small nuclei in November have been of good size and color - not more than two