v e
ventilation of the hive. a hive should be so constructed
as to secure a perfect control of ventilation. 
in the winter and in the summer it will
be necessary to admit the largest amount
of fresh air. in the winter to prevent the 
comb from molding and to keep the
hive dry. if a high is perfectly constructed
a good swarm of bees will not suffer in
the coldest weather by a sufficiently free
admission of air to prevent mold etc. 
many swarms are ruined by being kept
two closely shut in cold weather. at this
time they have no brood to be injured by
a chill. as soon as the weather is sufficiently
warm for them to commence breeding
the air should be admitted more sparingly. 
sudden changes of weather when too much air
is admitted compel the bees to retire for
warmth from the comb containing brood,
the brood becomes diseased, dies and
early swarming is prevented. in the
warm weather when the hive is crowded a
large amount of fresh air is necessary, if but
a small entrance is given to the bees they
will by powerful efforts at ventilation do
all they can to supply themselves with fresh air,
if they succeed a large amount of the hardest 
kind of work has been unnecessarily imposed upon
them, and just so much taken from their 
production of honey. if all the air that they
need in warm weather is admitted by the entrances 

along the margin: 
the thinner and colder the hives in winter the greater will
be the necessity for a free admission of air to dry up the
[illegible] and to prevent mold, but if the hive is well protected and
there is a current [illegible] off from above, a little air will suffice. 




