w a
war, destruction of life caused by (burke, vol. 1, [illegible])
warmth
of hives. fill between glass and shutter, and
shutter and cover, and in the bottom
box, with, tan, sawdust, chaff,
cut straw, hay seeds, etc. from the barn, straw cut
fine or any similar material. 
wax. a great amount of honey consumed in making
wax. Dzierzon says that 20 pounds of honey are required
to make 1 pound of wax. others state the amount as much larger. 
weighing some honey in a pint tumbler, i found that one 
ounce of wax would store 1/2 pound of honey. 2 ounces 1 pound. 
it would require at least 2 1/2 pounds of honey to make this wax. 
to feed a good article of honey with any reference to profit
from the sale, must therefore be a losing business. 
some very beautiful honey, very thick and wax unusually thin 
gave the full [illegible] result, 2 pounds of honey was stored in about 1 � ounces comb. 
the caps of the cells weighed about 1/10th the weight of the whole wax. 
this gives about 26 pounds of honey to 1 pound of wax. 
water. consequences to the brood of a want of. [illegible] my bee book page 104 
if it was necessary to feed in cold weather the outer feeders
also Dzierzon. might be filled with cotton, and the whole carefully covered over, 
if cover of glass, and put in sun, would feed in quite cold weather. 
January 25th 1852. today my bees were on the wing, noticed some returning distended, opened 
one and found it full of water. the week from January 18th to 25th was one of the coldest for many
years, one day the coldest for 31 years, and yet an artificial swarm feeling only half the hive was out. 
January 25th gathering water, kept in one of my lowest hives, double glass, but divider separating them from the
empty space, no outside cover used, this winter has tested the hive, this bringing in water indicates
the importance of a water feeder kept where the bees can get to it without being chilled, at all seasons,
if the hives are free as they ought to be from dampness they will want water in winter. 
January 26th 1852. water and honey feeder of earthenware, glazed outside. 
31st. let it be made thus, 1 is the honey feeder, 2 the water feeder, 3 the
place for the bees to come up. a pane of glass may cover all, or better, a piece
of wood with two holes covered with a small piece of glass, to see when more feed 
is wanted, and to put in the feed. 




