28 
THE GRASSHOPPER 
late in the fall and remain 
as larvae in the cocoons 
all winter. They pupate 
in the early spring. 
This series of changes . 
through which the cod¬ 
ling moth passes from 
egg into caterpillar, then 
into pupa, and finally 
into full-grown moth, is 
termed complete meta¬ 
morphosis. Ants, bees, butterflies, beetles, and certain other 
insects undergo complete metamorphosis. 
There are a number of different terms used to describe 
the larval stage of insects : 
caterpillars are the larvae of butterflies and moths, 
grubs are the larvae of beetles. 
Larvae “ w ig§ lers ” are larvae of mosquitoes, 
maggots are the larvae of flies, 
currant-worms are caterpillars. 
. measuring-worms are caterpillars. 
14. Structure and Classification of the Grasshopper. — In 
order to understand the grasshopper more fully it is neces¬ 
sary to find its place in the classification of animals. All 
animals that are known have been grouped into classes 
for convenience in study. The grasshopper belongs to the 
large class of animals called Insecta (in-sek'ta: Latin, in, 
in; seco, cut.) 
The insects, as a class, have their bodies divided into three. 
regions—head, thorax, and abdomen. (See Figure 7.) All 
have three pairs of legs, and most of them two pairs of wings. 
They breathe by means of air tubes ( tracheae ). In becoming 
adult, all pass through metamorphosis, either complete or 
incomplete. The insect group is subdivided into ten smaller 
groups or orders. 
