44 
IMPORTANT AND FAMILIAR INSECTS 
are fresh, because then the 
helpful bees which visit 
them are killed, and no 
harm is done to the de¬ 
structive codling moths 
that come later . 1 
FIELD, LABORATORY, OR 
HOME STUDY OF MOTHS 
AND BUTTERFLIES 
These insects are easily col¬ 
lected and are interesting to 
study. From late in the spring 
until October you can find 
larvae and pupae. Some of the 
leaves upon which the larvae 
are feeding should be collected. 
The larvae should be placed in 
jars provided with soil and some 
leaves. Arrange the cocoons 
and pupae which you find as sug¬ 
gested in the following table. 
Cocoon 
Pupa 
Spun with 
Spun with 
Spun with 
Without 
Suspended 
Suspended 
Parasit¬ 
silk only 
a leaf 
hair 
cocoon 
from one end 
from one loop 
ized 
Tent caterpillars spin cocoons and form small brown moths. Celery 
'“worms” hang in a loop and form a black, swallowtail butterfly which 
feeds on the nectar of lilacs and the rhododendrons of city parks. 
The black spiny caterpillars of the willows and elms hang free from 
the knot of silk and form the mourning cloak butterfly. 
Tomato "worms” burrow into the ground and form a large-bodied, 
small-winged moth, a sphinx moth. 
1 The life history of the peach-tree borer may be assigned in this connec¬ 
tion. 
Figure 31. — Protective Coloration. 
Explain how the Army used this scien¬ 
tific fact in the recent war. 
