86 
AMPHIBIANS 
frog can be stretched so that a comparatively large animal 
can be swallowed. There is no sharp limit between the 
esophagus and the stomach, which is a long spindle-shaped 
sac (Figure 72), larger than the rest of the digestive tube. 
The small intestine begins at the back end of the stomach 
as a small tube which makes several turns, and finally en¬ 
larges into a region called the large intestine, the last part 
of which is termed the cloaca (clo-a/ca) or common sewer. 
Figure 72. — Diagram to Show the Organs of the Frog. 
Note the relation of the nervous system to the body cavity. The large liver 
is omitted because it would cover the stomach and lungs if inserted. 
Two glands of importance belong to the digestive organs — 
the liver and the pancreas. The liver is a large, dark-red, 
three-lobed organ that covers the ventral (lower) surface of 
the stomach. The pancreas is a whitish, small, irregularly 
shaped body attached between the stomach and the intes¬ 
tine. Both these glands drain into the intestine just beyond 
the stomach. The bile secreted by the liver is at first col¬ 
lected in a sac called the gall bladder. 
All these parts of the alimentary canal are held in place 
by a thin membrane (the mesentery , mes'en-ter-y), one edge 
