FOOD SUBSTITUTES 
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and animals are both dependent upon the green plants. 
There is thus a never ending interrelationship between 
animals and plants that requires the utmost skill of man to 
adjust, if human beings are to have enough food to eat, 
especially as our cities increase in size. 
331. Food Substitutes. — Foods that can be used in place 
of those that we wish to save are known as food substitutes. 
Figure 377. — A Grain Elevator. 
Here wheat and other cereals are stored before sending them to the mill 
to be ground into flour or manufactured into breakfast foods. Photograph 
furnished by the Omaha Chamber of Commerce. 
For example, the substitutes for wheat are corn, oats, rice, 
barley, white and sweet potatoes; while the following can 
be used in place of meat: fish and other sea food, milk, cheese, 
eggs, nuts, legumes, and cereals. Honey, maple sirup, corn 
sirup, sorghum, and molasses are used in place of sugar; 
the substitutes for butter and lard are olive oil, corn oil, 
cottonseed oil, meat drippings, etc. 
A great deal is being said about new foods in the study of 
