BERLIN, MARYLAND 
11 
Put the material on with force, drive it into every nook. Get a machine that will do this 
Spraying 
Spraying is a vital necessity if money is to be made from fruit. It doesn’t 
pay to miss one season, even if enemies are not visible. Spraying has an invig¬ 
orating effect on trees, besides controlling enemies. 
There are three classes of enemies spraying will control—chewing insects, 
sucking insects, and fungi. Each class requires a different remedy, but the 
remedies can be combined most of the time. 
Spraying during the dormant period is distinctly different from spraying on 
foliage. Materials several times as strong can be used and are needed to control 
the scales. 
On account of the life-habits of enemies, often only two to seven days are 
available for any one spraying. Do the work then. Put the material on with 
force and cover every inch of bark and leaf. 
Get a sprayer that is big enough, that will give one hundred to two hundred 
and fifty pounds of air-pressure, that is adapted to your land and trees, and 
that is durable. Get a power outfit, if possible, for it does better work than a 
hand-pump can. 
The spraying programme ordinarily resolves itself into two, three, or four 
applications—one while trees are dormant, with lime-sulphur solution, and 
the others on blossoms and fruit with self-boiled lime-sulphur, or diluted lime- 
sulphur, with arsenate of lead added, or maybe with bordeaux and lead. All 
applications must be guided by careful study. 
Borers will attack fruit trees in spite of all we can do and will kill many trees 
if left alone. Trees must be gone over several times each year, and should be 
gone over each April and August. Spraying and painting with lime-sulphur 
sediment will help in keeping down the numbers of borers. 
The table of spraying operations (see following page) gives all the information 
needed to keep your trees in prime condition. The main point is to spray at 
the right time. (We are indebted to the Maryland State College of Agri¬ 
culture for this complete table, and formulas.) 
SPRAYING POINTERS 
1. Use a machine of adequate capacity. 
2. If a power sprayer is used, consider weight, type of pump, and simplicity of the en¬ 
gine and its gearing to the pump. 
3. Valves should be easily accessible and preferably of the ball type. Packing should be 
easily replaced. 
4. Relief valves should be simple and reliable. 
5. Propeller agitation is the most satisfactory, 
6. Get the best accessories. Cut-offs should be two-way and quick in action. 
7. Nozzles should be of the angle type, of large capacity, with a minimum number of parts. 
8. Wire-wound hose is cheapest in the end and best for orchard work. 
9. Spray to cover every part of the tree or crop. 
10. Strain your materials thoroughly. 
11. Have adequate water-supply, preferably under pressure. 
