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JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 
[Vol. 11 
first appearance of the beetles at lights was June 12, in 1916, and June 
29, 1917. In the first instance, a maximum flight was reached near 
the last of June, while, in 1917, the maximum was attained near the 
middle of July. The flight during both years extended to near the 
middle of August. Mating takes place in the daytime and in life- 
history cages was several times observed on the surface of the soil. 
The male uses the enlarged tarsal joint to clasp the female on the edge 
of the elytra behind the legs. Unlike the position assumed in Lach- 
nosterna, the females of villosa do not remain motionless but will move 
about carrying the males on their backs. If disturbed while mating, 
they hasten to burrow into the soil. The food of the adults has not 
been definitely determined. None were taken on trees among daily 
collections made last summer. A few individuals were collected at 
night on the common pigweed ( Amaranthus sp.) upon which they 
were apparently feeding. 
To summarize, the life cycle of C. villosa is one year. Adults appear 
at lights in June, July, and early August. Eggs, which are laid in 
soil, hatch after 9 to 25 days. The larva passes the winter in hiberna¬ 
tion. The larval stage was found to average 347 days. The pupal 
stage varied in length from 8 to 24 days. 
Anomala binotata Gyll. 
General Considerations. —In the adult stage, this species is 
known as a leaf-eater. In the grub stage, its depredations are not so 
familiar. However, they are thought to feed on living rootlets (Davis, 
1916, p. 265) and may often occur in sufficiently large numbers to 
damage crops. Webster (1891, pp. 345-346) records adults feeding 
on strawberry blossoms and later (1892, p. 197) on blossoms of black¬ 
berries in large numbers. He also cites an instance of a fly ( Laphria 
tergissa) capturing and flying away with a beetle of this species in its 
grasp. Lugger (1899, p. 175) lists binotata in his work on insects 
injurious to fruit-producing plants. Johnson (1900, p. 84) records 
three instances of the beetle feeding on foliage of pear and apple trees. 
Chittenden (1902, p. 100) states that binotata is one of the vine-chafers 
injurious’ to grapes, strawberries, and locust, and later (1903, p. 732) 
adds that they were injurious to roses in 1902. Pettit (1908, p. 122) 
recommends spraying with arsenites after having found the beetles 
injuring young apple foliage. Hart (1911, pp. 73-75) records more 
observations on this species than any American writer. He noted 
from 30 fields in which pupae and adults were found, 29 of them had 
been in oats. A note before the writer shows that out of 126 beetles 
maturing from larvae collected in fields, 115 individuals were taken in 
oat fields. The remainder were from wheat and corn land. Felt 
