JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 
OFFICIAL ORGAN AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGISTS 
AUGUST, 1918 
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as directed. 
Free admission, exclusion and extermination are three distinct 
policies followed in this country in relation to foreign insect pests. 
The first is characteristic of the early days and is the rule now in some 
measure. One of the great difficulties with exclusion or rigid quaran¬ 
tine is that it does not exclude. The history of the past twenty-five 
years might lead one to believe that prohibition (we are not now consi¬ 
dering the liquor problem) has resulted in more rather than fewer in¬ 
troductions, though before assenting to any such conclusion allowance 
must be made for the greatly improved and increased commercial 
activities during this period and now abridged in considerable measure. 
The fact is that no system of commercial quarantine absolutely pre¬ 
vents the introduction of insects, though it may greatly delay the 
establishment of many. Furthermore, a quarantine possible under 
present conditions might break under its own weight when the present 
war ceases and there follows a most extensive commerce between this 
country and at least certain European nations. This factor should be 
carefully weighed before great changes are made in our quarantine 
regulations. It is impossible to maintain a Chinese wall. We are an 
essential part of the world and as such must share the dangers as well 
as blessings of our position. The problem is to secure the maximum 
protection practicable with a minimum disturbance of international 
and interstate relations. 
Extermination of insects is a device to offset ineffective exclusion 
and is applicable only where the infested area is limited or special 
conditions favor such an attempt. It is a comparatively recent policy 
and available experience by no means sharply defines its possibilities. 
