December, ’18] WEISS AND NICOLAY: CALOPHYA NIGRIPENNIS 
469 
of the nymphal stages are fringed with waxy threads, which break 
readily. These threads are not as long as those with which the 
nymphs of Trioza tripuncata are clothed, but nevertheless are plainly 
visible. During the process of clearing the specimens the wax threads 
are lost and only the bases remain, which appear as short spines. In 
the illustration accompanying this paper, the drawings were un¬ 
doubtedly made from cleared specimens. 
It is thus seen that there is only one generation each year and that 
development is very slow. This slow nymphal development is char¬ 
acteristic also of the bramble flea louse, Trioza tripunctata, for this 
latitude as noted by Smith (Rept. Ent. Dept., N. J. Agric. Coll. Exp. 
Sta., 1911, p. 418). In striking contrast to this is the development of 
the pear psylla, Psylla pyricola , in New York which is four brooded 
during a season, one month being required for a complete life cycle 
(Slingerland & Crosby, Manual of Fruit Insects, p. 219). 
Egg: Length 0.19 mm. Width 0.06 mm. Elliptical, both ends rounded. Cho¬ 
rion apparently smooth, shining black or brownish before hatching; slightly flat¬ 
tened where it rests against leaf. Whitish slender peduncle almost as long as the 
width of the egg arises usually at a slight angle from a point about one-fourth of the 
length of the egg from one end. 
First Stage Nymph: Length 0.22 mm. Width 0.15 mm. Shape oval, rounded ante¬ 
riorly and posteriorly, body flat, widest across mesothorax. Color lemon yellow, 
Figure 16. Calophya nigripennis, first and second nymphal stages (after Marx). 
central portion slightly greenish. Body segmentation indistinct. Antennae cylin¬ 
drical, tapering to distal end which is truncate and bears a comparatively long spine¬ 
like hair. Eyes red, on lateral margins of head; head triangular. A fringe of min¬ 
ute spines on anterior margin of head. A minute spine on posterior lateral angle of 
each thoracic segment. A single spine on the lateral margin of each abdominal seg¬ 
ment. All spines in this and later stages rest on minute tuberculate bases and ter¬ 
minate in wax-like hairs. Legs stout, cylindrical, tapering toward tip, apical end 
