April, ’20] 
ISELY AND ACKERMAN: OZARK CODLING MOTH 
163 
record of hatching of larvae was May 13 but until May 28 hatching 
both in the insectary and in the field appeared to be negligible. The 
general accuracy of these records was confirmed later by collections 
of larvae from bands. 
This long period of 38 days between the emergence of the first moth 
and hatching of larvae in economic numbers was, no doubt, due to 
relatively warm weather during the early part of April which advanced 
the emergence of moths, followed by a succession of cold waves during 
the first three weeks of May which retarded or altogether prevented 
oviposition until about half the overwintering brood of moths had died. 
During the last week of May with the return of warm weather repro¬ 
duction progressed rapidly. As a result practically all of the first 
brood larvae were progeny of this second half of the overwintering brood 
of moths. The total period of emergence of overwintering moths was 
nearly two months, from April 20 to June 18, while the bulk of the 
resulting larvae were hatched within three weeks beginning May 28. 
The development of the two following broods was entirely regular 
except that the early part of the second brood was very light and prac¬ 
tically negligible as might be expected following the peculiar develop¬ 
ment of the first brood. Both second and third broods were about a 
week later in appearing than they had been the year before. No rec¬ 
ords of a fourth brood were secured. The earliest record of a first 
brood moth was June 24 and of a second brood moth August 2. Larvae 
o 
of the second and third broods began hatching July 2 and August 
12 respectively. As during the previous season both of these broods 
were present during the season of highest temperatures. While the 
second and third broods overlapped so that the hatching of larvae was 
continuous from July until about October 1, the close of the season, 
the slackening of activity between broods was quite evident from band 
records. Larvae began hibernation about the last of August or nearly 
the same time as the previous season but apple harvest was between 
two and three weeks later. Most of the worms had left the fruit and 
spun their cocoons before late apple harvest. 
For the seasons of 1907 and 1908 Jenne reared three broods. In 
1908 the emergence of moths was recorded as early as April 1, and 
larvae as early as April 27. Their development during this season, 
however, was relatively slow. 
The time of hatching of larvae in economic numbers in relation to the 
falling of the petals varied considerably. In 1918 the interval was 
three weeks, while in 1919 it was five weeks. Jenne’s records for 1907 
and 1908 are six weeks and three weeks respectively. 
From the standpoint of control there are but two distinct periods of 
codling moth hatching during which the fruit must be protected not- 
