April, ’20] DEAN AND KELLY: GRASSHOPPER CONTROL ORGANIZATION 241 
The second and most important step was organizing the forces in 
each county for effective work. Each county agent readily handled 
his county through the farm bureau. The counties without county 
agents were organized by representatives of the college during the 
following eight days. The method of organizing the county was to 
have the township trustees request a meeting of the county commis¬ 
sioners at which time they not only presented the petition to the county 
commissioners, but also made an estimate of the amount of material 
their respective townships would need. The commissioners acted at 
once and placed an order for the material. The township trustees 
were responsible not only for the equitable distribution of the material 
for making the poisoned bran mash, but also for seeing that no one 
shirked his duty. 
The northwest counties did not suffer loss to wheat but as soon as 
the wheat was cut the grasshoppers began migrating to corn, barley, 
alfalfa and sorghum. Ten of these counties coming under the juris¬ 
diction of one district agent were organized by him with the assistance 
of two representatives from the college. 
The cooperation of the farmers, county commissioners, and town¬ 
ship trustees was such that many thousand acres of crops were saved 
from devastation and millions of grasshoppers killed. 
The total number of counties organized was 39, representing an area 
of 33,985 square miles, or about two-fifths the entire area of the state. 
The total amount of bran mash distributed was 4,565 tons, or 183 car¬ 
loads. This required 83 tons of white arsenic, 498,000 lemons, and 
83,000 gallons of syrup. 
In addition to the above amount of white arsenic, 20 tons more were 
ordered to be used in the fall in case the situation warranted it. 
The results of the poisoning campaign were excellent throughout 
the infested areas. Very few reports of poor results were received, and 
in practically every case these were due to improper mixing and apply¬ 
ing. It should also be borne in mind that poisoning the grasshoppers 
at this time also protected the fall wheat, for no reports of injury to 
this crop have reached the office this fall. 
Mr. Stewart Lockwood: I would like to ask Mr. Dean to go a 
little more thoroughly into his organization of the county and town¬ 
ship. When the material was received, how was it handled to get it 
out directly to the farmers? 
Mr. G. A. Dean : For a number of years we have been using poison 
bran mash in Kansas, and thus a majority of the township trustees are 
thoroughly familiar with the method of distributing it. In many 
cases, when the county commissioners receive the materials, they 
