June, ’20] 
HAYES: SOME KANSAS LACHNOSTERNA 
303 
Mr. George G. Ainslie: That is one thing that we haven’t been 
able to decide—how they spend the winter. Undoubtedly, moths are 
taken through the winter, but we have never been able to carry moths 
emerging late in the fall through to the next spring. Insects that went 
into the winter as pupae and emerged during the winter were exposed 
and would remain through the latter part of the winter and late in 
the spring. Another thing—the moths that emerged late in the fall, 
we were totally unable to get eggs from. There are three or four 
generations a year, but those emerging in September never did mature 
the same season. Those emerging late in the winter produced eggs 
as soon as conditions were favorable in the spring. 
Mr. Franklin Sherman: It is certainly well established that the 
adults do pass the winter. In what other stages they pass the winter 
I do not know. It has been suggested that the pupae also pass the 
winter. That may be. 
President W. C. O’Kane: The next paper is “The Life History 
of Some Kansas Lachnosterna ,” by W. P. Hayes. 
THE LIFE HISTORIES OF SOME KANSAS LACHNOSTERNA 1 
By William P. Hayes, Assistant Entomologist , Kansas State Agricultural 
Experiment Station 
Introduction 
The present study of the life histories of the more important species 
of Kansas Lachnosterna was begun in 1916. It is being carried out 
under the immediate direction of Mr. J. W. McColloch, to whom the 
writer’s thanks are due for his kindly aid and criticism. The life 
history of one species, Lachnosterna lanceolata Say, a diurnal form has 
been previously published (Hayes, 1919). The data herein reported 
deal with observations on seven species of Lachnosterna found in the 
vicinity of Manhattan, Kans., five of which have been discussed by 
Davis (1916) in his notable report on the life-cycle of 18 different species. 
The two species considered in this paper and not dealt with by him are 
L. rubiginosa and L. submucida. The former, in point of numbers, 
ranks second among the night-flying species in the vicinity of Man¬ 
hattan, and L. submucida ranks sixteenth. 
In rearing, the eggs were obtained in small, soil cages and transferred 
to moist soil in salve boxes in much the same manner as described by 
Davis (1915, pp. 137-138). On hatching, the grubs were reared to 
maturity in individual salve boxes and kept in the insect cave described 
by McColloch (1917). Daily observations could thus be made to 
1 Contribution No. 39 from the Entomological Laboratory, Kansas State Agri¬ 
cultural College. This paper embodies the results of some of the investigations 
undertaken by the author in the prosecution of project No. 100 of the Kansas Agri¬ 
cultural Experiment Station. 
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